Common bacterial infections of lung cancer
As a common and serious malignant tumour, lung cancer is highly susceptible to bacterial infections due to a number of factors, including its own disease and anti-oncological treatment, which not only increases the pain of the patient but may also affect the process and prognosis of lung cancer treatment.
I. Factors contributing to the vulnerability of patients with lung cancer to bacterial infections
1. Changes in the anatomy structure: The pulmonary cancer stoves can block airways, rendering the pulmonary tissues of the far end in discomfort, but the blood flow remains normal, creating areas of pulmonary insulation and sapling, and providing the ideal anaerobic environment for bacteria. At the same time, the tumour immersesed, destroyed the mucous membranes of the bronchial, damaged the natural defence barrier of the gas channel and made it easier for bacteria to enter the lung tissue.
2. Impairment of the immune function: the reduction in the immune capacity of patients with lung cancer in their own organism due to tumour loads, together with standard treatments such as leaching chemotherapy, can further inhibit bone marrow blood, leading to a reduction in white cells, especially in the case of moderately pellets, and weakens the body ‘ s first line of defence against bacteria. In addition, the trauma caused by the surgical tumour removal not only breaks the surface barriers such as skin, mucous membranes, but also increases the risk of bacterial infections due to prolonged bed rest after surgery.
3. Medical operations are relevant: frequent intrusive examinations, such as bronchoscopy, pulmonary pulmonary puncture active examinations, etc., which, while contributing to the identification and assessment of lung cancer, break down normal human defence mechanisms and, if disinfection is not strict or post-operative care is inappropriate, bacteria can enter the body and cause infection along the operational route.
II. Common types of bacterial infections
1. Pneumonia creberella infection: this is the more common form of grenacosis in lung cancer patients. Patients who become infected often experience high heat, cold fighting, coughing red geled thaws in the chest, X-lines or CT, visible real changes in the lungs, and fall in arcs of the leaves, as they have thicker muscular membranes, have strong inoculation of the lung tissue, are susceptible to abscess in the lungs, and are not treated in time for respiratory failure.
2. Copper-green fake cystasy infection: preference for wet environment, particularly common in hospitals. When infected, the acreage is blue and green, accompanied by special stench, accelerosis and respiratory difficulties are evident. Imaged lung disease tends to be widespread bronchial pneumonia-type, which is a complex drug-resistant mechanism that can produce resistance to a wide range of antibiotics and poses great challenges for treatment.
3. Gold-coloured fungus infection: It is a gland positive, capable of producing a variety of toxins and enzymes and is highly pathogenic. The outbreaks of pneumonia, high fever and chest pain, coughing of haematosis, the rapid occurrence of multiple small sepsis in the lungs, and the spread of blood can also lead to other organs of sepsis, such as cerebral and liver swelling, which seriously threatens life.
4. Infection of intestinal Ethylosis: Most of the infections in the urinary system of patients with lung cancer occur in bacterial reverse infections of the urinary tracts, bladders and even kidneys as a result of prolonged retention of catheters and incontinence. Patients are shown in urinary tract irritation, irritation, irritation, urinary hysteria and, in part, fever and arrhythmia, which routinely see large amounts of white cells and bacteria.
Diagnosis
1. Clinical performance: The doctor makes a preliminary assessment of the likelihood of infection based on the patient ‘ s symptoms of fever, cough, cough, chest pain, etc. There are nuanced differences in the symptoms of bacterial infections, such as the liquid form of slurry, colour and so on, which can provide clues for diagnosis.
2. Laboratory examinations: the increase in white cells and the number of neutral particle cells in blood routines often suggests bacterial infections; the development of blood, salivation is essential, and the training of specimens is regulated, with a view to identifying the strain of pathogens, and drug-sensitization tests are carried out to provide a basis for subsequent precision choice, although it usually takes 2 – 3 days or more to obtain the results.
3. Visual examinations: X-rays of the chest and CT can visualize the location, size, morphology and excavation of pulmonary infection stoves, such as the fall of the folic arc typical of pneumocococcal pneumonia, which is significant for the diagnosis and identification of the infection.
IV. Treatment strategy
1. Empirical treatment: In view of the time-consuming effects of bacterial cultivation, in cases of high clinical suspicion of bacterial infection, it is necessary to immediately initiate empirical antibacterial treatment on the basis of the patient ‘ s area of infection, local bacterial epidemiology, history of past drug use, etc. For example, in the case of hospital access to sexual lung infections, consideration is given to the high probability of geranella cactus, especially drug-resistant bacteria, with the option of a combination of β-nemamide or quinone antibiotics with enzyme inhibitors; when a community acquires a sexual infection with a lighter condition, it is possible to opt for a head bacterium, achicin, etc.
Targeted treatment: Once the results of the drug-sensitive tests are returned, they should be decisively adjusted to the precision treatment of sensitive antibiotics to ensure maximum antibacterial effectiveness while avoiding unnecessary wide spectrum antibiotics and reducing resistance. Changes in the patient ‘ s temperature, symptoms and inflammation indicators are closely monitored in the course of the drug use, and the efficacy of the treatment is generally assessed at 48 – 72 hours, subject to a re-examination of the diagnosis and treatment programme.
3. Treatment management: the procedure is determined on the basis of the severity of the infection, the type of pathogens and the patient ‘ s recovery. Most bacterial infections in the lungs take 7 – 10 days of treatment for mildly ill patients, which may take 14 days or more; urinary system infections require consolidation of treatment after symptoms have disappeared and urine routines have been regularized 3 – 5 days to ensure that bacteria are completely eliminated and re-emergence prevented.
The prevention and treatment of the co-infection of bacteria by patients with lung cancer requires multidisciplinary and coordinated action, such as oncology, respiratory and infection, early identification, precision diagnosis and rational use of drugs to effectively control the infection and to assist patients with lung cancer to improve their quality of life and extend their life.
