What’s anemia for blood?

Anaemia is a common blood disease that occurs when the red cell count or haemoglobin level is below normal range. The following is a detailed explanation of several key indicators that can be used to diagnose anaemia in blood routines:Indicators related to anaemia in regular blood testsHemoglobin, Hb:Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in a red cell that transports oxygen from the lung to various parts of the body. It is the most direct indicator of anaemia.The normal range varies according to sex and age, usually between 13.8 and 17.2 g/l for adult males and between 12.1 and 15.1 g/l for adult females.Levels of haemoglobin below these values may indicate anaemia. For example, adult males are below 13.8 g/dL and adult females below 12.1 g/dL may be considered anaemic.Red Blood Cell Count, RBC:The red cell count is the number of red cells in the blood.The normal range also varies from 4.7 to 6.1 million μL for adult males and 4.2 to 5.4 million μL for adult females.If the red cell count is below these values, it may be a sign of anaemia.Hematocrit, Hct:Red cell pressure is the percentage of red cell to the whole blood mass.The normal range is between 40.7 and 50.3 per cent for adult males and between 36.1 and 44.3 per cent for adult females.Low erythrocytes can be an expression of anaemia.Average red cell size (Mean Corpuscular Volume, MCV):MCV is the average volume of individual red cells, which helps to distinguish between different types of anaemia.The normal range is approximately 80 to 100 cubic metres (fL).If the MMV is below 80 fL, it may be small cell low-coloured anaemia (e.g. iron deficiency anaemia); if the MMV is above 100 fL, it may be large-cell anaemia (e.g. vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency).Mean red cell hemoglobin content (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, MCH):MCH is the mean haemoglobin in individual red cells.The normal range is approximately 27 to 31 pg.The low MCH value may be a sign of low-chromosomal anaemia in small cells.Mean blood cell hemoglobin concentration (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, MCHC):MBC is the concentration of haemoglobin in red cells.The normal range is between 32 and 36 g/litre (g/dL).The low MCHC value may be a characteristic of iron deficiency anaemia.Classification of anaemiaAccording to the above indicators, anaemia can be classified as follows:Low colored anaemia: It is characterized by low erythrocyte count, low MMV, low MCH, low MCHC and common iron deficiency anaemia.Haemoglobin anaemia: The erythrocyte count is low, but MMV, MCH and MCHC may be caused by a number of causes within normal range.Large-cell anaemia: low erythrocyte count, high MCV, high MCH, normal or slightly low MCHC, common vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency.ConclusionsIn regular blood tests, haemoglobin levels are the main indicators for the diagnosis of anaemia. However, in order to determine accurately the type and cause of anaemia, doctors usually consider a combination of indicators such as erythrocyte count, erythrocyte pressure, MCV, MCH and MCHC. If regular blood tests indicate anaemia, further tests, such as iron metabolic indicators, vitamin B12 and folic acid levels, may need to be carried out to determine the specific causes of anaemia and to develop appropriate treatment programmes.