The effect of eye cataract surgery on eye pressure in different ways of anesthesia
The cataract surgery is a common eye surgery designed to restore the patient ‘ s vision. In the course of the operation, the choice of anaesthesia is essential, as different anaesthesia can have different effects on eye pressure. The stability of eye pressure is critical for the smooth operation and the reduction of post-operative complications.
I. Characteristics of cataract surgery and importance of eye pressure
The operation of the cataract is fine and is carried out primarily in the front of the eye, including the steps of a membrane cut, crystal emulsion and inhalation, and artificial crystal implantation. The procedure requires a clear vision of the operation, and changes in the internal pressure may affect the difficulty and safety of the operation.
(ii) Importance of eye pressure
Normal eye pressure is essential for maintaining the shape of the eye, optical properties and the metabolism of the eye tissue. In cataract surgery, high internal pressure can lead to complications such as surgical laceration, iris removal, post-clinic cysts, etc.; low internal pressure can cause pulsation, retina edema, etc.
II. Anaesthesia commonly used in cataract surgery
(i) Surface anaesthesia 1. The principles and methods: drop the surface anaesthesia on the face of the membrane and achieve anaesthesia through anaesthesia of the membrane nerve dome. Common surfactants such as prop-carine, Dinka, etc. This method of anaesthesia is simple, does not require injection, and the physical irritation of the eyeball is small. Effects on eye pressure: Surface anaesthesia generally has less effect on eye pressure. The eye pressure usually remains relatively stable in the case of proper use, as it does not involve the operation of the eye-based organization and the direct effect of the drug on the eye-based structure. If, however, there are too many drops or too high anaesthesia concentrations, there may be a decrease in instantaneous reflections as a result of drug irritation, increased evaporation of tear, and indirect effects on eye pressure.
(ii) Post-ball anaesthesia 1. The principles and methods: injection of anaesthetic drugs into a muscle cone behind the eyeball, detoxification of lashes and lashes to the purpose of anaesthesia eyeballs and eye attachments. Commonly used drugs are Bubikain, Lidocain, etc. Effects on eye pressure: The effect of post-ball debarment on eye pressure is more complex. In the course of the injections, if not properly performed, e.g., the injection is too fast, the drug is too high, or the blood vessels are damaged by needles, which can lead to a sharp increase in eye pressure. This is because the injection of drugs increases the size of the post-eye tissue and oppresses the eye. In addition, post-ball blockage may affect the return of blood in the eye and indirectly alter the internal pressure in the eye. However, if it is operating well, it can effectively control changes in eye pressure, so that the operation is performed under the right eye pressure.
(iii) Symptoms of anaesthesia 1. Principles and methods: Injection of anaesthesia to the ecstasy near the equatorial part of the eyeball to achieve anaesthesia through drug proliferation. It reduces the risk of direct damage to the post-occult tissue in relation to post-ball detoxification. Effects on eye pressure: The effect of ecstasy on ecstasy is relatively milder than that of ecstasy. However, uneven drug proliferation or overinjection can also lead to higher eye pressure. Its mechanisms are similar to the post-ball blockage, mainly because of the accumulation of drugs organized in the eye week, which exerts pressure on the eye.
Measures to control the effects of anaesthesia on eye pressure
(i) Optimizing anaesthesia programmes
Suitable anaesthesia and medications are selected according to the patient ‘ s circumstances. For patients with high eye pressure control requirements, priority may be given to surface anaesthesia or to the choice of a ball-week interdiction that has a low impact on eye pressure, and to the adjustment of drug doses.
(ii) Improved anaesthesia skills
Anesthesiologists should receive professional training to continuously improve the performance of injections of anesthesia, such as post-ball and ecstasy. In the course of the operation, follow the standard operating procedures, such as slow injection, timely retiping, etc., to reduce the adverse effects of the operation on eye pressure.
(iii) Operational monitoring and adjustment
In cataract operations, the eye pressure is monitored in real time using equipment such as eye pressure meters. If abnormal changes in eye pressure are detected, the safety of the operation can be ensured through timely interventions such as the repositioning of the patient and the use of eye relief drugs. Different modes of anaesthesia in eye cataract surgery have varying degrees of influence on eye pressure. Understanding these factors and taking appropriate control measures are essential to maintaining stability in eye pressure during the operation, improving the quality of the operation and reducing post-operative complications. Anaesthesiologists and ophthalmologists need to work closely with a view to selecting the best possible anesthesia programme and management measures based on the patient ‘ s individual circumstances to ensure the smooth operation of cataract surgery.
