Genetic and non-genetic factors of cancer
The relationship between cancer and genetics: part of the cancer is really genetic. The mutation of genetic DNA can lead to cancer, and these mutations are sometimes inherited from families. About 5-10 per cent of cancer cases are associated with genetic mutation. Genetic and non-genetic factors of cancer; Characteristics of genetic cancer: Genetic cancer is family-based, i.e. many members of the same family suffer from the same or similar type of cancer. The age at which the disease occurs may be earlier, as in the case of certain cases of genetic cancer, which is usually younger than 45 years of age. Common genetic cancer: Breast cancer, lung cancer, rectal cancer, ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, etc.
1 Genetic: Cancer does have some genetic properties. Certain genetic mutations increase the risk of individual cancers of specific types, which may be inherited from the family to the next generation. This does not mean, however, that all cancers are directly transmitted to future generations, as their occurrence is also influenced by a number of non-genetic factors. Non-genetic factors: These include poor living habits (e.g. smoking, drinking, unhealthy diet), environmental pollution, chronic irritation and trauma. These factors play an important role in the incidence of cancer, and in some cases may be more critical than genetic factors. Characteristics and types of genetic cancer: Genetic cancers are usually associated with specific genetic mutations that may be inherited from families to future generations. The risk of cancer among individuals carrying these mutations is significantly higher than for ordinary people. Type: Common hereditary cancers include breast cancer, primary liver cancer, stomach cancer, enteric cancer and ovarian cancer. For example, 5 per cent to 0 per cent of cases of breast cancer are genetic; about 20 to 25 per cent of upper ovarian cancer is genetic. 3. Family genetic patterns and risk assessment of cancer Different genetic methods can lead to differences in the transmission of cancer between genders and generations. Risk assessment: For groups with family history of cancer, regular medical examinations and early cancer screening are recommended in order to detect and intervene in potential cancer pathologies in a timely manner. If needed, genetic testing to assess the risk of cancer can facilitate more targeted prevention and early intervention. 4. Cancer prevention and screening recommendations Preventive measures: improving lifestyles, such as balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol limitation, all contribute to reducing cancer risks. For certain high-risk individuals, the doctor may also recommend preventive medication or even surgery (e.g. mammography for those at high risk of breast cancer). Screening recommendations: periodic health examinations are conducted to detect physical anomalies in a timely manner. High-risk populations should increase the frequency of screening and select appropriate screening methods according to their circumstances. Through the implementation of these lifestyle adjustments and regular screening, the general population can significantly reduce the risk of cancer.
Summary: Cancer occurs as a result of a combination of factors, including genetic, environmental and accidental factors. Although some cancers are genetic, mutations with tumour-prone genes do not amount to cancer. For people with a family history of genetic cancer, the importance of regular medical examinations and the development of good life habits are key to preventing cancer.
