Genetic risk of breast cancer

The genetic risk of breast cancer, dear readers,As a mammologist, I often encounter patients and their families concerned about the genetic risks of breast cancer. Today I would like to share with you some key information to help you understand the genetic risks of breast cancer and provide some practical guidance.Genetic and breast cancer linkagesGenetic factors are a non-negligible aspect of the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. I have seen many families suffering from breast cancer, which has taught me the importance of genetic risk. About 10% of breast cancer patients may have family genetic tendencies, which means that you may be at higher risk if you have breast cancer in your family. In particular, if two or more members of the family have breast cancer, your risk may increase significantly.BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutationIn genetic breast cancer, mutation of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is the most common genetic risk factor. I’ve often explained to my patients that these genes are anti-cancer genes, and that when they mutate, they can significantly increase the risk of carrying breast cancer. According to studies, the risk of breast cancer can increase to a maximum of 70-80 per cent among the population carrying the BRCA1/2 gene mutation.Which groups have higher genetic probability?In addition to the BRCA1/2 genetic mutation carriers, I would like to emphasize that the genetic risks are higher for the following groups:1. One or more cases of breast cancer on both sides of the family;2. Paternal or matrilineal cancer;3. Two or more breast cancers in the family;4. Breast cancer among first- or second-degree relatives up to the age of 45;5. Breast cancer and other cancers (e.g. pancreas, prostate, etc.) are co-infected by members of the patrilineal or matrilineal family;There are male breast cancers in the family.How to detect genetic risks?For high-risk populations, I suggest that genetic risk can be assessed through genetic testing. This includes testing of the BRCA1/2 gene, as well as of other breast cancer-prone genes such as CDH1, PTEN, § 11, TP53, ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, NBN, NF1. I have seen many patients obtain valuable information through these tests to help them make informed health management decisions.Prevention strategiesFor women with genetic risks, in addition to regular breast examinations, I would also like to emphasize that preventive measures can be taken, such as lifestyle changes (weight loss, regular exercise, moderate drinking of alcohol), chemical prevention (use of drugs to reduce the risk of breast cancer) and surgery to reduce the risk of breast cancer.As a doctor, I suggest that you work with a genetic consultant to understand your genetic risks and develop a personalized prevention and screening plan. I am aware that this may be a disturbing process, but believe that understanding your genetic risks is an important step in preventing breast cancer. Breast cancer