Breast cancer prevention and diagnosis
Prevention of breast cancer (i) Lifestyle adjustment The maintenance of healthy weight is key and obesity, especially after menopause, increases the risk of breast cancer. Controlling weight through a reasonable diet and appropriate exercise, reducing dietary intake of high fat and sugary foods and increasing the proportion of diet-rich fibre-rich foods such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains. Regular motion, such as a moderate aerobic activity of at least 150 minutes per week or a high aerobic activity of 75 minutes, helps to maintain good health. (ii) Avoiding harmful substances Reduced alcohol intake and increased risk of breast cancer. At the same time, long-term exposure to ionizing radiation, such as unnecessary X-rays, should be avoided as much as possible. For persons with a radiological working environment, protective measures are required. Breastfeeding is beneficial for both mothers and infants and can reduce the risk of breast cancer among mothers. Breastfeeding is recommended for at least six months. (iv) Periodical examination of persons with high-risk factors such as the history of the breast cancer family. Regular self-mammography is also important and can be performed 7 – 10 days after menstruation, when breasts are soft and unusual. Diagnosis of breast cancer (i) self-inspection The examination may be conducted by standing or persevering to see if the breast looks unusual, such as if the nipple is infested, if the breast skin is altered by orange skin, or if it is intoxicated. It then touches the breast in the direction of a clockwise or a counterclockwise, checking for any swelling, taking care of the size, mass, activity, etc. And don’t forget to check if the armpit is swollen. (ii) Clinical examination. Clinical medical examination by a physician includes visits and visits, and early abnormalities can be detected by experienced doctors. (iii) Video-testing • Breast ultrasound: suitable for young women and for mymitudinal mammograms, to determine whether the swelling is cystic or physical, and to detect the swelling of the lymphoma in the armpit, which is simple and non-irradiated. Breast molybdenum target: sensitive to small calcium stoves, often used for breast cancer screening, early and non-symptomatic breast cancers can be detected, especially among older women, with higher diagnostic value. • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): high resolution and high value for diagnosis of multi-feasible, multi-centrist pathologies, but high examination costs, which are generally not used as a routine screening tool and are often used for assessment or pre-operative assessment of high-risk populations. (iv) Pathological examinations. When there is a suspicious swelling of the breast, the tissue can be obtained through a stabbing or excretion examination, which is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Breast cancer
