Skull surgery for terminal lung cancer complications
Introduction
Skull surgery provides an effective local microstretch for the treatment of advanced lung cancer. However, as with other medical operations, it can be accompanied by a series of complications. Understanding these complications is essential for pre-operative preparation, operation and post-operative management of the surgical team, which helps to improve the safety of the operation and the patient ‘ s prognosis.
The aerobic chest is one of the more common complications in the treatment of terminal lung cancer. In the process of piercing through the skin, the piercing of the needle has the potential to damage the plethora, lead the air into the chest cavity and damage the negative pressure environment within the chest cavity. Especially when the tumor is in the immediate vicinity of the lungs and the perforation path passes through the chest cavity in a larger range, the risk of aerobic chest occurrence is relatively higher. Small pneumatic chests may cause only slight chest pains and respiratory difficulties, but in the case of large pneumatic chests, they can lead to severe agitated breathing, dysentery and even a lack of oxygen, such as luridium, with significant effects on the respiratory function of the patient. For patients with basic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aerobic chest may cause more severe respiratory disorders.
Blood, irritation and damage to bronchial mucous membranes and blood vessels can be caused by the freezing and defrosting process during the scalar surgery. When a hockey ball is formed and melted, the temperature of the surrounding tissue changes dramatically, resulting in a rupture or increased permeability of the veins under the mucous bronchial. A small amount of blood is shown in the form of blood in the tungsten, which can generally be mitigated by conservative treatment. However, if the haemorrhage is high, it can block the airways, with serious consequences such as suffocation. In addition, haemorrhage can lead to psychological problems such as fear, anxiety, and affect post-operative recovery. During the operation, the incidence of engraving may increase if the blade is close to the bronchial tree or if there is more tissue around the bronchial in the freezing range.
Local haemorrhage, during which a knife piercing may cause damage to the blood vessels in the tumour tissue or around the needle, leading to local haemorrhage. This haemorrhage may have manifested itself in the course of the operation or may have gradually emerged after the operation. If hemorrhage does not stop in time, hemorrhage may be formed in the chest cavity to oppress the surrounding tissue. In cases of tumours close to large vessels, such as lung cancer near the pulmonary artery or the pulmonary veins, greater caution is required because if haemorrhage occurs, serious consequences, such as haemorrhagic shock, can occur quickly. Moreover, local haemorrhage may also affect post-operative video assessment and interfere with the assessment of the effects of treatment.
Infection, although slash surgery is a microstarter, there is still a risk of infection. Surgeon piercing can be a means of intrusion of pathogens such as bacteria, especially in cases of inappropriate post-operative care. Infections are more likely to occur when patients have low immunity, such as poor physical condition due to advanced lung cancer, long-term exposure to chemotherapy, etc. Local infections may be manifested in bruises, pain, heat in the piercing area, which can develop into internal thoracic infections in serious cases, and general symptoms such as fever, chest pain and increased respiratory difficulties, which affect the patient ‘ s recovery process and may even lead to treatment failure.
The pulmonary condition is severe and, during the operation of the scissor, the local freezing of injuries to the pulmonary tissue, haemorrhaging or inflammation reactions, among other factors, may lead to some aerobic disorders of the pulmonary tissue, which in turn may cause a nervous disorder. A lack of lungs can lead to a reduction in the exchange area of the lungs and to low oxygen haematosis. Patients may suffer from respiratory problems, coughing and fever. In particular, for elderly patients or patients with already poor lung functions, lung failure can further exacerbate respiratory impairment and increase the risk of other complications such as lung infections.
Complications associated with vascular damage, in addition to local haemorrhage, can lead to more serious consequences for the vascular damage. If the gill operation is close to the large vessel, the temperature transfer during the freeze may affect the structure and function of the vascular wall, causing vascular convulsions, leeching, etc. For example, the formation of pulmonary thrombosis may lead to lung infarction, with symptoms such as chest pain, cirrhosis and respiratory difficulties, which seriously affect the circulatory and gas exchange function of the lung. In addition, vascular damage may cause local circulatory disorders, affect the injection of normal pulmonary tissue around them and have long-term adverse effects on the function of the lung.
Neural damage, in some exceptional cases, can cause damage to the surrounding nervous tissue. For example, when tumours are located in areas close to the gill, dislodging nerves, etc., the operation may result in freezing or mechanical damage to these nerves. Paraplegic neurological damage may cause abrasive paralysis and influence respiratory activity; locomotive neurological damage may result in various problems, including gastrointestinal disorders and heart rate disorders, which affect the overall physiological function and quality of life of the patient.
Skin tundra, although relatively rare, may cause skin tundra if the temperature of the frozen area is passed to the skin surface, or if there is an anomaly in the refrigeration system. Skin frost injuries are manifested in local skin swelling, water herring, pain, severe skin failure, which affects the comfort and post-operative recovery of the patient and increases the risk of local infection.
Although there are many advantages to the treatment of terminal lung cancer, the occurrence of complications cannot be ignored. The surgical team is required to make a full assessment of the patient before the operation, including lung function, tumour position, condition of the patient, etc., to predict possible complications. Operating norms should be strictly followed in the operation to minimize damage to the surrounding tissue. After the operation, the patient ‘ s condition changes closely, and complications are detected and dealt with in a timely manner, thus improving the safety and effectiveness of the scissor surgery for the treatment of terminal lung cancer.
Lung cancer
