How to correctly judge whether antibacterial drugs are necessary
Proper determination of the need for antibacterial drugs is a multi-factor process. Antibacterial drugs are used primarily for the treatment or prevention of infections caused by micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and not for viral infections or sterile inflammations. I will go from a number of dimensions to elaborate on how to properly judge whether antibacterial drugs are needed:
I. Identification of types of infection and pathogens
1. Bacteriological infections
The diagnosis is based on the results of laboratory examinations of the patient ‘ s symptoms, signs and blood patterns, urine routines, bacterial training and drug-sensitization tests. The initial diagnosis is for persons with bacterial infections, as well as for those diagnosed with bacteria through pathologies, and the use of antibacterial drugs is indicated.
Common symptoms: fever, cold warfare, cough, cough, urination, urination, urine pain, diarrhoea, etc.
Pathogens: e.g., yellow grapes, coli, pneumococcus, etc.
2. Non-bacteriological infections:
Virus infections: common flu, flu, viral hepatitis, etc., do not require antibacterial drugs.
Non-bacterial inflammation, such as arthritis, filamentitis, etc., also does not require the use of anti-bacterial drugs.
II. Understanding the mechanisms of antibacterial drugs and their adaptation
1. Activation mechanisms: Anti-bacterial drugs are fungicide or anti-bacterism by interfering with the metabolism, synthesis or destruction of the structure of pathogens.
2. Adaptation:
It is clearly diagnosed with bacterial infections and is sensitive to pathogens.
Prevention of specific surgical infections, such as clean-pollution operations, pollution operations, etc.
Prevention of bacterial infections among certain vulnerable groups (e.g., the elderly, children, the immune deficiency).
III. Development of treatment programmes that integrate patient conditions and pathogen characteristics
1. Patient ‘ s condition:
Considering the age, sex, underlying illness, physical pathology, etc. of the patient, to choose appropriate antibacterial drugs and drug delivery programmes.
The liver and kidney function of the patient is assessed in order to adjust the dose and route of the drug.
Pathogen characteristics:
Appropriate antibacterial drugs are selected according to the type, resistance, area and severity of the infection.
Select antibacterial drugs that are sensitive to pathogens, taking into account the results of drug-sensitive tests.
IV. Following the principles and care for the use of anti-bacterial drugs
Principles of use:
(c) Strict control of adaptive disorders and avoidance of abuse. – The principle of narrow-to-wide, low-to-high, single-to-joint.
According to the drug-sensitive situation, those who are in a position to do so should undergo pathological and drug-sensitive tests.
Notes:
(c) To comply with medical instructions to take the medication on time to ensure that it remains in sufficient concentrations in the body.
Avoid use of stoppages to avoid drug resistance.
Close observation of the adverse effects of drugs and timely treatment.
V. Antibacterial use in special circumstances
1. Persons at risk:
The most likely pathogens can be inferred from the patient ‘ s symptoms, the location of the disease, the predisposition of the disease, etc., and the first treatment of the antibacterial drug experience, taking into account local bacterial resistance, before the results are known.
Upon learning of the results of bacterial development and drug sensitivity, the programme for patients with poor treatment is adapted to the results.
2. Surgeons:
In the case of the prevention of an infection in the part of the operation, appropriate antibacterial drugs should be selected according to the type of operation, the part of the operation and the patient ‘ s condition.
Cleaning operations usually do not require the use of antibacterials, but they can be considered when the scope of the operation is large, the duration of the operation is long and the risk of contamination increases.
3. Immuno-deficiency patients:
Immuno-deficiency patients are vulnerable to bacterial infections and infections are not easily controlled.
Sensitive antibacterial drugs should be selected on the basis of the pathogen type and the results of drug-sensitive tests, with appropriate extensions.
Proper diagnosis of the need for antibacterial drugs requires a combination of various factors such as type of infection, pathogen characteristics, patient condition and antibacterial regimen and adaptability. In the use of anti-bacterial drugs, the principles of use and care should be strictly followed to avoid abuse and misuse. At the same time, the monitoring of pathogen and drug-sensitive tests should be strengthened to guide the rational use of antibacterial drugs. In the case of patients in special circumstances, individualized treatment should be developed according to their specific circumstances.
In addition, the public should raise awareness of anti-bacterial drugs and of the correct methods and care for their use, and avoid the self-purchase and use of anti-bacterial drugs. Medical institutions and medical personnel should also strengthen the management and monitoring of antibacterial drugs to ensure their rational use and patient safety.
