Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cell origin characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, refractory cytopenias, and high-risk transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The change of hemogram is an important index for the monitoring of MDS patients. The following are the differences that may occur before and after the comparison of hemogram in MDS patients:
1. Hemoglobin level
-Before treatment: Patients with MDS often present with anemia and may have hemoglobin levels below 100 G/L.
-After treatment: After treatment, such as blood transfusion, erythropoiesis stimulator, etc., the hemoglobin level may rise, but the specific degree of improvement varies from person to person.
2. White blood cell count
-Before treatment: The white blood cell count may be reduced, especially in the advanced stage of the disease or when transforming into AML.
-Post-treatment: Certain treatments, such as immunosuppressive therapy or hematopoietic growth factor therapy, may raise the white blood cell count.
3. Platelet count
-Before treatment: Platelet count may be low, leading to an increased tendency to bleed.
-After treatment: Treatment may increase the platelet count and reduce the risk of bleeding.
4. proportion
of blast cell in bone marrow -Before treatment: The percentage of blasts in the bone marrow is usually less than 5%, but may vary depending on the condition.
-Post-treatment: One of the goals of treatment is to reduce the proportion of blasts in the bone marrow and reduce the risk of transformation to AML.
5. cytomorphology
-Before treatment: Abnormal development of erythrocytes, granulocytes, and megakaryocytes may be observed in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears from patients with MDS.
-Post-treatment: Although cell morphological abnormalities may persist, certain treatments may improve cell development.
6. Genetic and molecular biological indicators
-Before treatment: MDS patients may have specific cytogenetic abnormalities or molecular mutations, such as 5q-, SF3B1 mutations, etc.
-Post-treatment: Certain targeted therapies may target these genetic or molecular abnormalities, thereby affecting their levels.
Sum up
The difference of hemogram before and after MDS is mainly reflected in the changes of hemoglobin level, white blood cell and platelet count, the proportion of blast cells in bone marrow, cell morphology, genetics and molecular biology indicators. These changes reflect the severity of the disease, treatment response, and disease progression. However, due to the heterogeneity of MDS, the hemogram changes of different patients may be quite different. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the changes of hemogram for evaluating the treatment effect and adjusting the treatment plan.
