Malignant neoplasm
Malignant tumours, also known as cancer, are one of the major global public health problems. They are diseases in which cells in the body lose normal growth control mechanisms, over-inflate and form swelling. These swellings not only affect the function of the organs of their origin, but may also spread through the blood and lymphoma systems to other parts of the body, forming transfer stoves, leading to the failure of multi-organ functions and ultimately endangering life. The origin of malignant neoplasms is a complex process involving the interaction of multiple intra- and intracellular factors, which, as research advances, will make our understanding of the origin of the tumor more comprehensive, thus contributing to the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies. The symptoms of malignant tumours are very diverse, depending on the location and type of tumor. A number of common symptoms include: 1. Euphoria or thickening: painless swelling in breasts, necks or other parts. 2. Persistent sound screech or cough: may be symptoms of larynx or lung cancer. Anomalous haemorrhage: haemorrhage, euphemism, blood urine or non-menstrual vaginal bleeding. Persistent indigestion or ingestion difficulties: may be associated with oesophagus or stomach cancer. 5. Dermal state changes: Changes in the colour, size or shape of moles may be signs of melanoma formation. 6. Unidentified loss of body weight: A significant reduction in body weight in the absence of deliberate diets or a surge in motion may be a sign of cancer. 7. Continuing fatigue: Very tired and difficult to recover even after rest. The prevention of malignant neoplasms, although the occurrence of malignant neoplasms is related to a variety of factors, such as genetics, the surrounding environment and the way of life of the person themselves, many cases can be avoided by preventive measures. Preventive measures include: 1. cessation of smoking: smoking is usually one of the main risk factors for multiple cancers, such as lung cancer, especially among people who smoke for long periods of time or with high levels of smoking, with a higher incidence of malignant lung tumours. 2. Healthy diet: eating more fruit and vegetables and various grains, while reducing the intake of red meat and processed meat, among others. 3. Weight control: Obesity usually increases the risk of multiple cancers. Moderate exercise: Regular exercise helps to reduce the risk of cancer. 5. Limiting alcohol intake: Overdouring increases the risk of multiple cancers. Alcohol, ethanol, is now classified as a primary carcinogen by the World Health Organization. 6. Vaccination: Vaccines such as the hepatitis B virus vaccine and the HPV papillomavirus vaccine can prevent cancer associated with these viruses. The treatment of malignant neoplasms is usually provided through surgery, chemotherapy, targeting and immunotherapy. The choice of treatment generally depends on the type and stage of cancer, the overall health status of the patient and the preferences of the patient. Patients may be treated to alleviate symptoms, control deterioration, improve the quality of life or cure cancer. The conclusion that malignant tumours are a complex health problem requires effective prevention, early detection and a combination of treatments based on the patient ‘ s own health status and treatment needs. By raising public awareness about malignant neoplasms, we can improve early detection and treatment opportunities, thereby reducing the burden of cancer. At the same time, ongoing research and innovation offer new hope for cancer treatment, including emerging treatments such as target-to-target and immunotherapy.
