It’ll show you the “target treatment” for lung cancer.
With the rapid development of society and science and technology, the health status and expectations of the general population are increasing. There have been breakthroughs in the control and survival of various diseases. Malignant neoplasms, especially lung cancer, are the highest mortality rates in the last decade, and significant progress has been made in the area of treatment of lung cancer, along with “cancer chromosomal changes”. High-profile results, such as “target treatment” and “immunotherapy” for lung cancer, were also awarded the Nobel Prize for 2019.
The difficulty of treating lung cancer is due mainly to the fact that it originates from the incognito and normal cells. It is so easily transferable that it cannot work without timely diagnostic surgery. In the case of patients with lung cancer who have lost the opportunity for surgical removal, traditional treatments are free and chemotherapy, the mechanisms for the identification of cancer cells are based on cell value-added cycles, and cancer cells are vulnerable to death because of their growth, fragmentation and metabolism, while it is difficult to avoid a thousand enemy-killing, 800 self-destructing, which has resulted in limited therapeutic effectiveness and obvious side effects. The medical community has continuously optimized platinum-containing binary and synchronised chemotherapy programmes since the 1970s, and the patient ‘ s lifetime (OS) has improved only two to four months.
Until the 1990s, scientists had benefited significantly from the use of an EgFR-TKI-KID treatment of late-stage lung cancer, using a skin-growing receptor (EGFR-TKI), and further, through research at molecular biology levels, revealed the EGFR gene mutation in chromosome No. 7, as a driving basis for lung cancer, which had been activated and promoted the growth and transfer of lung cancer, thus defining and opening up “target treatment”: treatment using small molecular drugs or some therapeutic monoclonic antigens as a signal-routing inhibitor, becoming the backbone of the current “precision medicine” and more being applied to cancer.
Based on the logic of the molecular biology mechanism of “target-to-treatment”, the target-to-pharmaceutical target is directed at the target cancer cell, with no or very little additional side effects. It is a kind of “magic bullet” and in the area of lung cancer, the main targets that are currently being used are: EGFR mutation, alK integration mutation, ROS1 mutation, MET gene mutation, KRAS mutation, Her2, RET mutation, etc. Of these, EGFR mutations are the most common mutations, with a mutation rate of over 50 per cent among patients with lung gland cancer, with three generations of TKI already on the market, and with no progress (PFS) > 20 months of total survival (OS) > 35 months in advanced lung cancer treatment. The AlK integration mutation is known as the “diamond mutation” and, with the treatment of the AlK-TKI inhibitor, life span is widespread >5 years, the MT gene jump mutation, the ROS1 gene mutation is relatively rare, and there are also more therapeutic and sensitive drugs. Lung cancer usually requires a rich blood supply, while VGFR inhibitors are for the capillary internal skin, which is another type of target drug.
Some patients with lung cancer who have undergone genetic tests have not been able to find an effective target, known as a wild gene, and need to enter another model of treatment, a combination of chemotherapy immunization (not discussed).
The target-oriented therapeutic drug-type consists of oral drugs for small molecules and monoclonized needles.
Attention needs to be paid to the adverse effects of target-to-treatment drugs, which, in terms of molecular biology mechanisms, are significantly reduced compared to traditional drugs, and to the fact that, in practice, drug-to-pharmaceutical side effects are more common in clinical treatment processes, mostly I, II, with mild adverse effects, often resistant to non-termination. Common adverse reactions are common in digestive tracts and rashes such as nausea, anorexia, diarrhoea, itchings, etc., and adverse reactions to other organs such as liver and kidneys and the heart. VGFR inhibitors are dominated by vascular side effects such as hypertension, haemorrhage, etc. The adverse effects of a target-to-pharmaceutical response require close and joint attention by doctors and patients, and a trade-off between the benefits of treatment.
There is also an upper limit to the efficacy of treatment for lung cancer, and the main constraint on the further survival of the target for the treatment of lung cancer is the mutation of the target gene, which leads to drug resistance, which is complicated by the emergence of new targets, in addition to tumour cell heterogeneity, and the disappearance of targets and the loss of access to continued target treatment. A variety of drugs have been developed to target new targets, further delaying patients ‘ lives, but there are no landmark breakthrough drugs.
The trend towards the treatment of lung cancer is consistent with the promise of precision, but a greater breakthrough on the current basis depends on effective progress in more basic disciplines such as basic medicine, even chemistry, mathematics and artificial intelligence. Under current drug-accessible conditions, lung cancer in general, and terminal lung cancer in particular, should build confidence in ways to contain cancer cells and achieve a better life and quality of life.
Lung cancer
