Acute anti-infective diarrhoea and its antibacterial treatment
Acute anti-infective diarrhoea and its antibacterial treatment
Introduction
Acute anti-infective diarrhoea is a common intestinal disease, usually caused by viral, bacterial or parasitic infections and manifested in sudden-onset diarrhoea with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Although the majority of cases can be alleviated by a mild disease caused by self-restriction, some serious infections require timely medical intervention. This paper will explore the causes, symptoms, diagnostics and antibacterial treatment strategies for acutely infectious diarrhoea.
Common pathogens that are acutely resistant to infectious diarrhoea include:
1 Bacteria, such as Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli O157:H7, Cappylobacter, etc.
2. Virus: Rotavirus and Norovirus are among the most common pathogens.
3 The parasites are: Giardia llamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, etc.
The main symptoms of acute anti-infective diarrhoea include:
1. Frequent water samples or blood-borne urine;
2. Abdominal pain, convulsions;
3. Fever, nausea, vomiting;
In serious cases, symptoms such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance may occur.
Diagnosis of acute and infectious diarrhoea usually includes:
1 Medical history inquiries: know if there is a recent history of food poisoning, travel, etc.
Medical examination: assess the general state of the patient and take note of signs of dehydration.
Laboratory inspection: faecal routines, culture and special tests such as PCR (polymers chain reaction) are used to identify pathogens.
Antibacterial treatment principles do not require antibiotics for most acutely infectious diarrhoea, as most cases heal naturally. However, in some cases, antibacterial treatment is required, for example, for persons with low immune capacity, dehydration due to severe diarrhoea or where there is clear evidence of a specific pathogen infection.
When do you use antibiotics?
1. Sigil infection: Persons with severe cases or impaired immune functions may need antibiotics.
O157:H7: Antibiotics are not usually recommended because they can cause soluble urea syndrome (HUS).
3. Bacillus infection: In serious or continuing cases, doctors may introduce antibiotics.
Antibiotic Choice
1 Shigeella: Drugs commonly used include fluorine or amoxicillin.
b. Bacillus: The preferred drug is Archicin or cyclopropsa.
3. Other specific circumstances: Selection of suitable drugs based on pathogen sensitivity tests.
Supportive treatment is required for all acute diarrhoea patients, even if antibiotics are not needed:
1. Hydraulic and electrolyte: Oral rehydration salt (ORS) is the preferred option.
Dietary adjustment: The introduction of fresh, digestable foods such as rice congee, noodles, etc.
Preventive measures
1. Personal hygiene: hand washing, especially before and after eating.
Food safety: Eat well cooked food to avoid raw food.
3. Travel hygiene: When travelling to high-risk areas, be careful to have safe drinking water and use bottled water as much as possible.
Concluding remarks
Acute and infectious diarrhoea, although usually a restricted disease, still requires medical intervention in some cases. The proper identification of pathogens and the choice of appropriate treatments on a case-by-case basis are key. At the same time, prevention can significantly reduce the risk of infection. If you have the symptoms described above, you need to receive professional guidance and support in a timely manner.
