Acute cerebral hemorrhage, also known as cerebral hemorrhage in the mouth of the common people, has a very high rate of acute onset, serious illness, death and disability. It is the most serious acute cerebrovascular disease and a common type of fatal disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Usually, the rupture of blood vessels in the brain leads to the accumulation of blood in the brain parenchyma, which leads to a sharp increase in intracranial pressure, and may also compress the surrounding brain tissue, causing a series of serious clinical signs and symptoms.
1. Causes of cerebral hemorrhage Common causes of cerebral hemorrhage include: Hypertension: Hypertension is the most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage. Long-term high-pressure blood flow impact can easily cause vascular rupture. Intracranial aneurysms: Aneurysms may suddenly rupture under the impact of blood flow, causing the corresponding blood vessel to rupture and bleed. Cerebral arteriovenous malformation: The congenital growth and development of intracranial arteriovenous malformation leads to abnormal vascular wall, which may lead to bleeding at any time. Other factors: such as abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain, amyloid angiopathy, cerebral arteritis and other vascular diseases. 2. Symptoms
of cerebral hemorrhage Common symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage include:
Severe headache: usually occurs suddenly, the pain is severe and difficult to relieve. Vomiting: Symptoms of nausea and vomiting often occur, often with the characteristics of jet vomiting, which may be accompanied by severe headache. Disturbance of consciousness: from mild confusion to coma. According to the location and area of bleeding, there are different manifestations. Limb is faint or paralytic: The place that bleeds according to haemorrhage is different, the feeling that companion has different limb and motor obstacle. Speech disorder: may include difficulty or inability to speak. 3. Family first aid
for cerebral hemorrhage Call the emergency telephone quickly:
When patients are found to have symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage, they should first keep calm and call the emergency telephone immediately. Clearly explain to the dispatcher the patient’s symptoms, location, and general information about the patient.
Patient position adjustment:
If the patient is awake, keep him or her calm and avoid mood swings. The patient can be gently placed on a bed or sofa without a pillow, with the head slightly tilted back, to keep the airway open.
If the patient is unconscious, he should be adjusted to the “near side” position, that is, the patient’s head is facing one side, so as to facilitate the discharge of vomit and avoid blocking the respiratory tract.
Keep the airway open: Untie the patient’s neckline and tie to ensure that the patient is breathing smoothly. Clear food or vomit from the patient’s mouth to avoid blocking the airway.
Ice the head: Place an ice pack on the patient’s head to constrict blood vessels and reduce bleeding. Note that the ice time should not be too long, every 30 seconds to check the condition of the skin, to avoid frostbite.
Avoid inappropriate movement: Before the patient is stable, avoid moving the patient at will, so as not to aggravate bleeding.
Waiting for professional medical rescue: while taking the above first aid measures, wait for the arrival of professional medical personnel. Try not to move the patient until the emergency personnel arrive, and keep the status quo.
4. Treatment
of cerebral hemorrhage The treatment of cerebral hemorrhage mainly includes:
Medical treatment Antihypertensive treatment to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of further bleeding. Reduce intracranial pressure: Use drugs such as mannitol to reduce brain edema. Control of cerebral edema: the use of drugs and physical methods to reduce the pressure on brain tissue. Surgical treatment: In severe cases, craniotomy may be required to remove hematoma and reduce intracranial pressure. 5. Rehabilitation and prevention
Rehabilitation after cerebral hemorrhage is a long-term process, including:
Physical therapy: to help restore limb function and speech. Speech therapy: especially important for people with language disorders. Psychological support: to help patients and families cope with the emotional and psychological impact of the disease. In order to prevent cerebral hemorrhage, the following measures are recommended:
Regular physical examination: especially for people with risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes.
Eat healthy: cut down on foods high in fat and salt.
Moderate exercise: Regular physical exercise, such as walking, swimming, etc. Smoking cessation and alcohol restriction: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption increase the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. In conclusion, acute intracerebral hemorrhage is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. By understanding the causes, symptoms and treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, and adopting appropriate lifestyle adjustments, the risk of disease can be reduced and recovery can be promoted. If there are any signs of bleeding in the brain, seek medical help immediately. Cerebral hemorrhage
