Treatment and prevention of breast cancer
Breast cancer is a phenomenon in which mammogram cells are growing out of control as a result of multiple carcinogenic factors. The main manifestations are breast swelling, with symptoms such as breast skin abnormalities, nipples, irradiation, eclampsia and swollen lymphoma. Over time, there will be posterior swelling and decomposition and long-range transfer.
The incidence of breast cancer has increased every year, and by 2020 the global incidence has risen above that of lung cancer in the first place.
The cause of the disease is not very clear, the breast is the target organ for various endocrine hormones, and the female gestation hormone is directly related to the incidence of breast cancer. Thus, the early age of menstruation ( 55 years), infertility and the late age of first birth ( >30 years), the short time of breastfeeding, and the introduction of estrogen substitution therapy after menstruation.
The early clinical manifestations of breast cancer are mainly breast swelling, breast skin abnormalities, nipples, breast fainting abnormalities, eclampsia and swollen lymphoma. Over time, there will be a posteriori swollen ulcers and long-range transfers.
The period of breast cancer is determined by the size of the tumor and the transfer of lymphoma. Molecular stratification is determined according to the expression of immunisation (ER, PR, HER-2, KI67). The treatment of breast cancer consists mainly of surgery, treatment, chemotherapy, endocrinology treatment and target treatment. In response to different conditions and patient needs, doctors develop individualized treatment programmes with a view to achieving optimal treatment.
1 Surgery: Surgery is the main method of breast cancer treatment, including breast cancer root management and breast cancer milk and breast rehabilitation. The operation effectively removes the tumor and reduces the risk of relapse. After the operation, there may be a need for supplementary treatment, such as medical treatment and chemotherapy, depending on the condition.
2 Release: The method used to kill cancer cells using high-energy rays is often used for post-operative assistive treatment to reduce the risk of relapse. Treatment may also be the primary treatment for patients who are partially unable or at higher risk.
3 Chemotherapy: chemotherapy is a drug that kills cancer cells and can be used to reduce tumours before surgery, post-operative assistive treatment and end-stage breast cancer treatment.
Endocrinological treatment: Endocrinological treatment is primarily directed at hormonal receptor-positive breast cancer, which inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting hormonal activity. Endocrine treatments include estrogens, aromatic enzyme inhibitors, etc.
Target treatment: Target therapy is a treatment for specific targets for cancer cells, such as the one-size-fits-all anti-HER2 positive breast cancer. Target-oriented treatment has more targeted and lower side effects than traditional treatment.
Breast cancer prevention:
Cancer prevention is generally divided into three levels, which are primarily aimed at high-risk factors, especially those that are manageable. The prevention of breast cancer is thus based on the following:
1. Stay happy. Active participation in social activities to avoid and reduce mental stress.
2. Development of a good lifestyle. Keep moving, regular, don’t stay up late.
3. Develop good eating habits. Attention to nutritional balance and promotion of breastfeeding in early childhood; reduction of over-ingestion of proteins and low cellulose diets during childhood development; prevention of high-volume consumption of fat and animal proteins in adolescence and enhancement of physical exercise; and control of total calorie intake to avoid obesity after mid-life. The diets of meat, fried eggs, butter, cheese and sweets are not readily available, and there are less pickled, smoked, fried and baked foods and more fresh vegetables, fruits, vitamins, carrots, olive oil and fish.
4. Actively treat breast diseases such as benign breast diseases and pre-cancer diseases.
5. Do not misuse external estrogen.
6. Do not drink too much.
Patients with a family history of breast cancer can be tested for breast cancer genetics.
8. Knowledge of mammography, self-censorship methods and regular mammography habits.
9. Active participation in breast cancer screening and prevention of cancer.
