Prevention of infection
The prevention of infection is particularly important as a key element in maintaining personal and public health safety. Infections, whether caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, can pose a serious threat to human health and, in some cases, cause global public health events. Therefore, the mastery and practice of effective methods of preventing infection are the basic health needs of everyone. Comprehensive scientific knowledge of the prevention of infection is presented in terms of daily living habits, hygiene, environmental cleanliness, vaccination and prevention in specific situations.
I. Development of good daily life habits: hand-washing: thorough cleaning of hands for at least 20 seconds with mobile water and soap, especially after touching public goods, before eating, coughing and sneezing. When hands cannot be washed, hands can be cleaned with an alcohol-containing hand disinfectant. Maintaining social distance: Maintaining social distance of at least 1 metre during the prevalence of respiratory diseases and reducing the risk of transmission of the virus through foam. Avoid touching of the face: minimize hand touching of the eyes, nose and mouth, which are the main routes of entry of viruses and bacteria. Healthy diets: balanced diet, more vitamin- and mineral-rich food, increased immunity and resistance to infection. Sufficient sleep: to ensure sufficient sleep time, to facilitate physical recovery and improve immunity.
II. Strengthening of hygiene management: personal effects: personal effects such as towels and cups should be earmarked to avoid cross-infection. The correct wearing of masks: the correct wearing of medical masks or N95 masks in densely populated or poorly ventilated sites effectively blocking particles in the air. Cough-cough ceremonial: When coughing or sneezing, using paper towels or elbows to cover the nose and mouth, to prevent the foam from spreading and immediately tossing used tissues and washing hands. Regular cleaning and disinfection: regular cleaning of frequently exposed items such as mobile phones, keys, wallets and high-frequency contact surfaces such as door handles, desktops, keyboards, etc., at home, using chlorine-containing disinfectants or alcohol.
iii. Maintenance of environmental hygiene: ventilation and air-reaming: regular window ventilation, maintenance of indoor air flow and reduction of bacterial concentrations. Disaggregation of waste: The proper classification of waste, particularly medical waste and household waste that may carry pathogens, reduces the risk of disease transmission. Sanitation in public places: public places such as schools, offices, shops, etc. should be regularly disinfected and the environment kept clean.
IV. Attention to vaccination: vaccination is one of the most effective and economical ways to prevent infectious diseases. In accordance with the recommendations of the local CDC, timely vaccinations against influenza, new coronary virus, pneumococcal vaccine, etc. have been established to create an immune barrier to the body and reduce the risk of infection and serious illness.
V. Precautionary measures in specific circumstances: Travel prevention: Prior to travel, information about the epidemic in the destination and the carrying of necessary protective supplies such as masks, disinfectants, etc. Avoid access to crowd-intensive sites and maintain good hygiene. Schools and offices: In these closed and staffed environments, in addition to routine preventive measures, there is a need to improve ventilation, to encourage employees and students to miss meals and to reduce mass gatherings. Food safety: selection of fresh food, thorough cooking of food, especially meat and eggs, and prevention of food poisoning. Pedestrian pets are exposed to animals: hands are washed in a timely manner after interaction with pets and direct contact with wildlife is avoided in order to prevent the spread of human and animal diseases.
In short, the prevention of infection is a systematic project that requires a concerted effort by individuals, families and society. We can effectively reduce the risk of infection and protect the health of ourselves and others by developing good living habits, enhancing hygiene, maintaining a clean environment, actively participating in vaccinations and taking targeted measures in specific situations. Let us work together to build a safer and healthier living environment.
