How to assess anaesthesia risk and choose the appropriate anaesthesia method in anal anesthesia
In anal anaesthesia, it is important to assess the risk of anaesthesia and to choose the appropriate anaesthesia method. The following are common assessment methods and guidelines for the selection of anaesthesia methods:
I. Assessing the risk of anaesthesia of patients
Medical history collection: Doctors ask about patient ‘ s medical history, including past surgical history, drug allergies, chronic diseases, etc. This information helps doctors to understand the overall health status of patients and possible risk factors.
Medical examination: A full medical examination of the patient, including measurements of vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing frequency, body temperature, etc. In addition, the doctor examines the patient ‘ s CPR, nervous system, etc.
Laboratory examinations: The doctor may require some laboratory examinations such as blood protocol, liver function, kidney function, electrolytic level, etc. These examinations provide more detailed information to help doctors assess patients ‘ anesthesia risks.
Pre anaesthesia assessment form: The doctor can use the pre anaesthesia assessment form to assess the patient ‘ s anaesthesia risk. These tables usually include issues such as age, gender, weight index, history of smoking, drinking, etc. By completing these forms, doctors can quickly learn about the basic information of patients and the underlying risk factors.
Comment by an anaesthetist: Finally, an anaesthetist also assesses the patient ‘ s risk of anaesthesia. Depending on the patient ‘ s specific circumstances, they will provide advice and advice, taking into account their experience and expertise.
Selection of appropriate anesthesia methods
Full-body anesthesia: for patients with a larger scope of surgery, long duration of operation, need to control breathing and circulation. The whole body anesthesia can be achieved by intravenous injection or inhalation of anesthesia.
Local anaesthesia: for patients with a smaller scope of surgery, with a shorter duration, who do not need to control breathing and circulation. Local anaesthesia can be achieved through local injection of anaesthesia or the use of local anaesthesia.
Leprosy: applies to patients with a smaller scope, such as anal rectum surgery. The spinal cord is achieved by the injection of anaesthesia into the spinal cavity by piercing the vertebrae.
Extradural anesthesia: applies to patients with a larger scope of surgery, such as anal rectum surgery. The epidural anaesthesia is carried out through punctures of the vertebrae, where the substance is injected into the epidural cavity.
III. Preparation for anaesthesia
An assessment of the patient ‘ s situation: Before the operation, the doctor conducts a full physical examination and assessment of the patient, including medical history, medical examination, laboratory examination, etc. These assessments help the doctor to determine the patient ‘ s state of health and the risk of surgery and to develop a corresponding anaesthesia programme.
(c) Water fasting: During a certain period (usually 6-8 hours) before the operation, the patient is required to stop eating and drinking water. This is to avoid vomiting or misuse during the operation.
Depressants: In order to alleviate the stress and anxiety of the patient, the doctor may give the patient oral or intravenous sedatives. These drugs help the patient to relax and increase the success rate of the operation.
Monitoring vital signs: Before the operation, doctors monitor the vital signs of the patient through various instruments, including heart rate, blood pressure, breathing frequency, etc. These data help doctors to detect anomalies in a timely manner and to take appropriate measures.
Organization of anaesthetists: Anaesthetists are professionals who provide anaesthesia services to patients. Prior to the operation, the doctor consults with the anesthetist to determine the appropriate anaesthesia programme and informs the patient of the need for attention.
Preparation of operating theatres: The operating theatres need to remain clean, clean and sterile. Prior to the operation, medical personnel perform thorough cleaning and disinfection of the operating room to ensure its safety.
IV. OPERATIONAL MONITORING
Blood pressure monitoring: The patient ‘ s blood pressure changes are continuously monitored during the operation through artery or without a blood pressure.
Heart rate monitoring: The patient ‘ s heart rate changes are continuously monitored in the operation by means of electrocardiograms or pulse oxygen saturation.
Respiratory monitoring: The patient ‘ s breathing is continuously monitored during the operation by means of end-to-respiratory CO2 monitoring or by means of pulsed O2 saturation monitoring.
Body temperature monitoring: The patient ‘ s temperature changes are continuously monitored in the operation through body temperature monitors or skin temperature monitoring.
V. Post-operative management
Post-operative sting: Select appropriate methods of stinging, depending on the degree of pain of the patient and the type of surgery, e.g. intravenous sting, epidural sting, etc.
Post-operative recovery: The recovery of the patient, including respiration, circulation, consciousness, etc., should be closely observed after the operation.
Prevention and treatment of post-operative complications: Possible post-operative complications include infections, haemorrhages, haemorrhages, etc., should be prevented and addressed in a timely manner.
In general, in anal anaesthesia, it is essential to assess the risk of anaesthesia and to choose the appropriate anaesthesia method. Pre-operative assessment, surgical monitoring and post-operative management can effectively reduce the risk of anaesthesia and increase the success rate of the operation.
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