“The use of antibiotics in day-to-day gynaecological surgery “
Science for the use of antibiotics for gynaecological day surgery
1. The use of antibiotics is one of the key elements in ensuring the success of the operation and the recovery of patients during the day-to-day operation in gynaecology. Proper use of antibiotics can be effective in preventing surgical infections while avoiding the adverse consequences of unnecessary antibiotics abuse.
II. Common types of gynaecology day surgery and risk of infection – Gynaecology day surgery includes cavity lenses, cervix, small abdominal lenses (e.g. ovarian hysterectomy, ovarian cystectomy, etc.) and some vaginal microsurgery (e.g. vaginal swelling). These surgical parts have particular anatomy structures, which are connected or close to the outside world, with varying degrees of risk of infection. For example, uterine lenses may bring bacteria within the vagina into the uterine cavity because the device enters the uterine cavity through the vagina; through vaginal surgery, they are directly exposed to possible infections from normal strains within the vagina.
Basic principles for the use of antibiotics – preventive use is predominant: Antibiotics in gynaecological day operations are mostly used as a preventive application, with the aim of reducing the incidence of post-operative infections by reaching effective bacterial or antibiotic concentrations prior to the bacterial contamination of the surgery. Instead of waiting until there are signs of infection. – The principle of individualization: the choice of antibiotics and the use of doses must be considered in the light of the age, weight, state of health, history of allergies and type of operation, length of operation, etc. For example, older patients may be affected by a decrease in their physical functioning, with metabolism and resistance to changes in the drug, requiring a dose adjustment, while those who are allergic to penicillin avoid the use of the drug.
IV. Timing of the use of antibiotics – Pre-operative use: For most gynaecology day operations, prophylactic antibiotics should be injected within 0.5-1 hours of the operation. In this way, the tissue is best protected against infection at the time of the surgical cut. In the case of ovarian cystectomy in the lower abdominal lens, the use of antibiotics prior to skin cutting, as required, is effective in preventing infections that may result from cystic rupture or oral contamination during surgery. – Add an antibiotic dose to the operation if the operation lasted more than three hours or if the bleeding in the operation was more than 1,500 ml. The concentration of antibiotics in blood is diluted by prolonged surgery or massive blood loss, which affects prevention.
V. Selection of antibiotics – Depending on the type of operation: For cleaning operations (e.g. cervix examination), the first generation of sepsis, e.g. head luminum, is generally selected. Cleaning – Contamination operations (in the case of vaginal operations) are often selected with antibiotics that can cover the grelan fungus, greland positives and anaaerobics, such as frafurcide combined nitrate. This is because vaginal surgery may be contaminated with a variety of bacteria within the vagina and requires a broader antibacterial spectrum. – Consideration of common pathogens: fungus, streptocococcus, coli echella, anaerobicella, etc., are common in gynaecology. So make sure that these pathogens are inhibited in the choice of antibiotics.
VI. The course of treatment for antibiotics – After a clean surgery, there is usually no need to continue using antibiotics. The risk of infection is low because of the strict adherence to pre-operative and antibiotic use norms. For example, a simple cervix examination does not require additional medication after the operation. – Cleaning – The use of post-operative antibiotics does not normally exceed 24 hours if the operation is successful. Overuse not only increases the likelihood of financial burdens and adverse reactions from patients, but may also lead to the creation of drug-resistant bacteria.
VII. Attention to the use of antibiotics – Allergies: Before use, it is necessary to enquire in detail about patients ‘ history of drug allergies, especially for common antibiotics such as beta-nimamine (e.g. penicillin, sepsis). During their use, patients are closely monitored for allergies such as rashes, itching, respiratory difficulties, etc., and should be stopped and treated accordingly. – Negative response concerns: different antibiotics have different adverse effects. For example, amino sugar can have ear toxicity and renal toxicity; quinone can have gastrointestinal reaction, central nervous system symptoms, etc. Medical personnel need to be aware of possible adverse reactions to antibiotics used and to detect and address them in a timely manner.
The use of gynaecological antibiotics in day-to-day surgery is subject to strict scientific norms, and doctors are required to make a reasonable choice of the time and course of use, taking into account the specific circumstances of the patient and the operation, and to pay close attention to problems that may arise in order to ensure the safe and good post-operative recovery of the patient.
