How families provide nutritional support for septic patients

The family plays an important role in the nutritional support of sepsis patients, as follows:Understanding the importance of nutritional support and the programme — Active communication with health care: more scientific assistance for nutritional supplementation is provided through proactive consultations with doctors, nurses and nutritionists about the patient’s condition and the need for, and specific plans for, nutritional support, including daily calorie requirements, approximate proportions of the various nutrient components, recommended nutritional support.• Recording key messages: A small book can be prepared to record key elements of nutrition support, such as feeding time, special dietary care, etc., addressed by health-care personnel, to facilitate daily operations and avoid missing important details.Select the appropriate means of nutritional support and assist in the implementation of intestinal nutrition:• Oral nutritional supplementation: If the patient is able to eat autonomously and the doctor recommends the introduction of oral nutritional supplements, the family must purchase them on the basis of a nutritional supplement recommended by a medical practitioner, and the patient is encouraged to take them on time and on a scale. The number of times a day can be divided into, for example, five to six times, with a small amount of feeding, which will make it easier for patients to swallow and digest better, while paying attention to their appetite and eating feelings and providing timely feedback to health-care personnel.Feeding: When a patient needs to be fed through a gastrointestinal or nasal intestinal tube, the family, under the guidance of a medical practitioner, must learn the correct feeding process, including how to connect to the feeding device, and how to adjust the rate of loss. Before feeding, ensure that the pipe is open and in the right place, it is generally taken back to confirm that the feeding takes place at a very slow rate, in strict accordance with medical instructions, and that more attention is paid to the patient ‘ s abdominal conditions, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, etc., and in the event of an abnormally timely suspension and notification of medical personnel.• In the area of intestine nutrition: Intestine nutrition is usually professionally configured and lost by health-care staff in hospitals, with the family primarily contributing to observation. Attention should be paid to the presence of red and oscillation in the part of the infusion, to the patient being reminded to keep the body of the infusion relatively fixed and to avoid problems such as the transfer of needles as a result of excessive activity, and to call the nurse to deal with it as soon as anomalies are detected.Food selection and preparation — ensuring good-quality protein ingestion: preparing patients for good-quality protein-rich food or assisting in the selection of nutritional products, such as eggs, milk, fish meat, shrimp meat, tofu, etc., are good sources of protein. If they are made into food, or semi-food, such as eggs and eggs, fish sluice, etc., they are carefully, easily swallowed and digested.• Combining appropriate quantities of carbohydrates and healthy fats: Selecting rice, oats, potatoes, etc. as a supply source of carbohydrates, they provide a stable energy; healthy fats can be obtained from olive oil, fish oil and nuts (which, after grinding, are easy for the patient to eat), with a reasonable ratio of each meal, as recommended by the medical staff.• Increase vitamin- and micronutrient-rich food: prepare fresh vegetables and fruits, such as spinach, carrot, oranges, apples, etc., which, if they have difficulty chewing or digesting, can be used for human consumption, ensuring adequate intake of vitamin C, vitamin B and trace elements such as zinc and selenium, and promoting body recovery.Focus on the food intake of patients and their feedback. See the details of the food intake: During the feeding process, careful attention is paid to whether the person swallows well, whether he coughs or coughs, whether the feeding rate is appropriate, etc., and in cases where there are difficulties in eating, reminds the patient to slow down and, if necessary, use a small number of feeding methods to prevent the event.Collect feedback: Encourage patients to express their feelings after eating, e.g., if they are ill with diarrhea, abdominal swelling, nausea, etc., and provide this information in a timely manner to the health-care staff in order to adjust the nutritional support programme to the specific response of the patient to improve patient tolerance and nutritional supplementation.Create a good food environment — maintain a clean and comfortable environment: make it possible for the patient to eat in a quiet, clean and temperature-appropriate environment, and reduce external disturbance factors, such as the use of curtains in the ward, the closure of television, radio, etc., so that the patient can relax and eat, and help to improve appetite and digestion.• Emotional support: family members are to accompany the patient when he/she eats, to give him/her the care and support he/she feels through words of encouragement, comfort, etc., and to alleviate the anxiety, stress and positive emotional state of the patient as a result of the disease.In this way, family members are actively involved in the nutritional support of sepsis patients and are better able to work with health-care providers, to help them to supplement their nutrition, to strengthen their physical resilience and to promote their improvement and physical recovery. However, all operations are conducted under the professional guidance of medical staff, and in cases of non-acceptance, timely inquiries are made to ensure the safety and effectiveness of nutritional support.