High blood pressure is a common chronic disease that seriously affects the health of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. In addition to medication and dietary control, sleep management plays a crucial role in the treatment of hypertension. Good sleep quality helps to stabilize blood pressure, while sleep problems can exacerbate hypertension and increase the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease. The content of sleep management treatment for high blood pressure patients is discussed in detail here.
The relationship between hypertension and sleep (i) The effect of sleep deficiency on blood pressure. The increased excretion of the sensory nervous system has contributed to increased hormones, such as adrenaline, which can lead to increased heart rate and vascular constriction, thus increasing blood pressure. Inadequate long sleep and continued high blood pressure can cause damage to the vascular wall and increase the likelihood of a hardening of the artery. Several studies have shown that the risk of high blood pressure is much higher for people who sleep less than six hours a night than for those who sleep sufficiently. (ii) The suspension of sleep breathing and hypertension. This can lead to intermittent low-oxidosis, high-carbonic acid haemorrhage, which can lead to a sense of neurological excitement, which in turn increases blood pressure. Moreover, this rise in blood pressure does not occur only at night, but also during the day, where it is shown to be non-polytic and even anti-polytic, further aggravating the damage to vital organs such as the heart, brain and kidney.
(iii) Common causes of sleep problems for high blood pressure patients: (i) Psychological factors. These negative emotions interfere with the sleep, making it difficult for the patient to sleep or to sleep in shallow, dreamy sleep. For example, there are patients who reflect on their blood pressure values and pathologies before they go to sleep and are nervous and difficult to relax into sleep. (ii) Drug factors Some hypertension drugs may affect sleep. For example, some depressants may cause frequent urination, leading patients to get up and pee more often at night, thus affecting sleep continuity. There are also medicines that can cause headaches, dizziness, etc. and affect the sleep quality of patients. Poor living habits are common among high blood pressure patients and are important reasons for sleep. For example, the ingestion of caffeine-based drinks (coffee, tea, etc.) or large quantities of drinking water at night can lead to increased psychoactiveness or night urine. The use of electronic devices for long periods of time before sleep makes it difficult to sleep when blue light from the screen inhibits the distillation of melanoids and disrupts the living bells of the human body.
IV. Measures for sleeping management of high blood pressure patients (i) Improvement of the sleep environment The use of curtains, blindfolds, etc., ear plugs or white noise machines can reduce noise interference. The temperature of the bedroom is appropriate, generally at 18 – 22°C. The choice of comfortable mattresses and pillows ensures good physical support during sleep and improves sleep comfort. (ii) Establish a regular sleep time and try to go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends, with no significant time difference. This helps to adjust the biological clock of the human body to make the body a regular sleep-awaken cycle. For example, you can set about 10:30 at night to go to bed, get up around 6:30 in the morning, stick to the rhythm of the body. (iii) Restraint before sleeping. For example, deep breathing exercises can be conducted half an hour before sleep, slowly inhaling the air, filling the abdomen, and then slowly exhale and repeat it several times. You can also take a hot bath, the temperature is at 38 – 40°C, 15 – 20 minutes, relax. There is also a simple meditation to find a quiet and comfortable place to sit or lie down, to concentrate on breathing or a particular image and to exclude grotesque thoughts. 1. Restrictions on caffeine and alcohol consumption, especially in the afternoon and evening. Caffeine is excitement and affects sleep, and alcohol, while it may be exhausting, affects the depth and continuity of sleep. 2. Avoiding large quantities of drinking water before sleeping and reducing the number of urinations at night. If the high incidence of night urine is caused by, inter alia, prostate growth, timely medical treatment should be provided. Reduce the time spent using electronic devices before sleeping. If really needed, night mode could be activated to reduce the launch of blue light. (v) The drug treatment programme should be adjusted in a timely manner to the doctor if it is suspected that the anti-pressure drugs affect sleep. Doctors can adjust the type or time of medication to the patient ‘ s specific circumstances. For example, if one of the depressants leads to an increase in night urine, an attempt may be made to replace other types of depressants; if the decomposition of the drug, such as headaches, affects sleep, the dose may be adjusted or the drug may be replaced. (vi) The treatment of sleep disorders. Light patients can improve their symptoms through diet, side sleep, etc. Medium-heavy patients may need to be treated using a continuous airway positive pressure (CPAP) to keep the airway open during their sleep by wearing a mask. For other sleep disorders, such as insomnia, psychological or appropriate medication may be used under the direction of a doctor, with attention to the effects of the drug on blood pressure.
5. The meaning of sleep management for hypertension treatment (i) stabilization of blood pressure levels Normal sleep helps to regulate the neuroendocrine system of the human body, keeps blood pressure within normal limits and reduces the risk of a blood pressure peak in patients with hypertension, which is important for the prevention of cardiovascular acute events. (ii) Improving the effectiveness of drug treatment when the quality of the patient ‘ s sleep improves, so does the efficacy of the drug. Because of good sleep, blood pressure increases due to sleep problems can be reduced, drugs can be made to work better, drug dosages can be reduced at a reduced rate and patient treatment can be made more dependent. (iii) Improvement of the quality of life of patients with hypertension through effective sleep management, improved quality of sleep, better mental state during the day, reduced fatigue and reduction of disorders such as headaches and dizziness. This helps patients to better perform their daily activities and improve their quality of life, while at the same time facilitating their long-term adherence to comprehensive blood pressure treatment.
Conclusion Sleep management is an indispensible component of hypertension treatment. High blood pressure patients should be fully aware of the important effects of sleep on blood pressure and take active measures to improve the quality of sleep. Effective sleep management is achieved by improving the sleep environment, establishing regular sleep times, relaxing before sleeping, adjusting living habits, optimizing drug treatment programmes and treating sleep disorders, so as to better control blood pressure, reduce the occurrence of hypertension complications and improve the quality of life. Doctors should also pay attention to the patient ‘ s sleep in the treatment of hypertension, integrate sleep management into comprehensive treatment programmes and provide more comprehensive medical care for the patient.
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