Tuberculosis, an ancient and persistent disease, has been a major challenge in global public health. It not only affects people ‘ s health, but also places a certain burden on socio-economic development. In order to better prevent and control tuberculosis, let us learn about it together. Tuberculosis is a pulmonary infectious disease caused by the tuberculosis fungi. It is possible to enter various organs throughout the body, but primarily the lung, known as tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is transmitted mainly through the respiratory tract, and when tuberculosis patients cough, sneeze and speak loudly, the tuberculosis fungus is exposed to infection as a result of leaching out of the body and when a healthy person inhales the fumigation with tuberculosis. Symptoms of tuberculosis 1. Cough, cough: The most common symptoms of tuberculosis, light cough, dry cough or little mucus. Combined bronchial nodules are shown as irritating cough. Bleeding: About one third to one half of the patients have bled during different periods of illness, and the amount of bled blood varies from one to another, with the majority of patients having a small bled to the next, and the few having a large bled. 2. pleural pain: pleural pain may be manifested in nodules and pleural pleural pain. He’s breathing and coughing up. Respiratory difficulties: most of the cases are found in cheese pneumonia and in a large number of thoracic fluids. 4. Heating: Most of the heat is low after noon, with body temperature generally between 37.5 and 38°C, and some patients can experience high heat. 5. Sweat: Sweat all over the body when you sleep or wake up. 6. Illness, appetite and weight loss: also common symptoms of tuberculosis in the whole body. It should be noted that the symptoms of tuberculosis are not specific and that some patients may not have visible symptoms, only found during medical examinations. Therefore, if the symptoms mentioned above, particularly cough, cough and cough last for more than two weeks or glitches, they should be examined at the hospital in time for a clear diagnosis. Diagnosis of tuberculosis is based on a combination of medical history, symptoms, signs, laboratory and visual tests. 1. Medical history: questions about the patient ‘ s symptoms, history of exposure, past medical history, etc. Symptoms: As mentioned above, the symptoms of tuberculosis are diverse but lack specificity. 3. Characteristics: lung signs are often not visible, and when the disease is more widespread, physical signs of the lung can be observed, such as increased tremors, hysteria of prosthesis, reduced breathing of the hearing, etc. Laboratory examination – smearing and plastering: is an important method of diagnosis of tuberculosis. Spraying is easy, but has a lower positive rate; it is higher but takes longer. – Tuberculosis fungus test (PPD test): used to detect whether the organism has been infected with the nodule streptococcus, but does not distinguish between active and prior infections. Gamma-interferobic release experiments: Some assistance in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially for patients with low immune functions. 5. Visual examinations: chest X-rays: a common method of diagnosing tuberculosis, which detects signs, extent, morphology, etc. of lung pathologies. – Chest CT: It is important for the detection of micropathologies and invisibility. The principles of treatment for tuberculosis are early, joint, adequate, regular and complete. The most common anti-tuberculosis drugs are amphibian, livoping, ethylamide and ethylambutol. Treatment programmes are developed on the basis of the patient ‘ s condition, drug resistance, etc., and are generally divided into periods of intensification and consolidation. In the course of treatment, the patient should take the medication strictly in accordance with his or her medical instructions, and he or she should not be allowed to stop or increase the dose, so as not to lead to treatment failure or to the creation of resistance. In addition to medical treatment, patients should also take care to rest, improve nutrition and maintain a good mental attitude in order to improve the body ‘ s immunity and to promote recovery. Tuberculosis is a preventable disease and the following are some of the measures to prevent it: The treatment and management of tuberculosis patients should be standardized so that they can recover and reduce transmission as soon as possible. 2. Cutting off the means of transmission: Tuberculosis is transmitted mainly through the respiratory tract and, therefore, care should be taken to keep indoor ventilation good, to avoid the vomiting of the ground and to cover the mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, in order to reduce the spread of tuberculosis bacteria. 3. Protection of vulnerable populations: New-born children should be vaccinated against tuberculosis in a timely manner. Protection against exposure to tuberculosis should be strengthened for people with low levels of immunity, such as people living with AIDS, diabetics and chronic immunosuppressants. In sum, tuberculosis is a disease that seriously endangers human health, but as long as we know about it, we can effectively control its spread and safeguard the health of the population by taking effective preventive and curative measures. Let us work together to eradicate the scourge of tuberculosis!
Tuberculosis
