Cervical cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm in the world for women, especially in developing countries. Although cervical cancer is a controllable disease, many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage because early symptoms are not apparent. This paper will present early symptoms of cervical cancer and scientific methods of prevention to help women raise their health awareness and avoid the threat of cervical cancer.
Early symptoms of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is often not visible at an early stage, or manifests only minor discomfort and is easily neglected. The following are common symptoms that may indicate early cervical cancer:
1. Abnormal vaginal haemorrhage
Characteristics: Irregular haemorrhage outside menstruation, especially after menstruation, after menstruation or after sexual intercourse.
Causes: Cervical cancer causes cervix vascular abnormalities and can cause bleeding with slight irritation.
2. Increase in vaginal secretions
Performance: There may be an increase in the number of endocrines, with water samples, blood or stench.
Causes: Cancer cell erosion tissues lead to increased seepage or secondary infections.
3. Pain in the cavity or waist
Performance: Impairment of the lower abdomen, pelvis or waist, which may persist or be intermittent.
Cause: Pain caused by cancer cell attacks on a neighbouring tissue or nerve.
4. Peeing or defecation difficulties
Performance: Utility, urination pain or gout blood.
Reason: Oncological oppression or assault on organs such as bladder, rectum, etc.
5. Other ill-health
Declining body weight, fatigue or persistent low heat may indicate that the disease has reached a later stage.
Note: These symptoms are not specific to cervical cancer and may be caused by other gynaecological diseases. Once anomalies are detected, they should be examined at the earliest opportunity.
II. Main methods of prevention of cervical cancer
1. Vaccination against HPV
Effects: Continued infection with HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. Vaccination against HPV can effectively prevent 70-90 per cent of cervical cancer cases.
Recommended age:
Females aged 9-14 who have not had sex are the best vaccinated.
Women aged 15-26 also benefited from vaccination. Some areas are recommended to age 45.
Inoculation procedure: 2 or 3 doses according to type of vaccine.
2. Periodic cervical cancer screening
Screening projects:
Cervical cytology (Pap smear).
HPV virus testing.
Recommended frequency:
The Pap smear screening begins every three years at age 21.
Women aged 30 and over can opt for joint screening every five years (Pap smear + HPV test).
3. Healthy sexual behaviour
Avoiding high-risk behaviour: Reduce the incidence of multiple sexual partners and high-risk sexual behaviour.
Condom use: Although HPV infection cannot be fully avoided, it reduces the risk of transmission.
4. Prohibition of smoking and alcohol
Smoking hazards: Tobacco use reduces the local immunity of the cervix and increases the risk of cervical cancer.
Drinking alcohol: Avoiding the chronic damage to the immune system caused by alcohol abuse.
5. Increased immunity
Increased body immunity and resistance to viral infections through healthy diet, regular exercise and adequate sleep.
III. The phasing of cervical cancer and the key to cure
1. Early detection is key
The rate of early curable cervical cancer is high, and patients can return to normal life after surgery or microtherapy. Regular screening is therefore essential.
2. Actively treating pre-cancer diseases
Cervical cancer is usually developed through pre-cancer pathologies (e.g. cervix ecstasy, CIN) and early detection of CIN can be fully cured through surgery or partial treatment, preventing progress towards cervical cancer.
3. Phased treatment programme
Early cervical cancer: treatments that preserve the reproductive function can be chosen, mainly through surgery.
Cervical cancer in the medium to long term: a combination of therapeutic and chemotherapy combinations to improve survival.
IV. Health awareness and freedom from cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is a tumour type that can be prevented by screening and vaccination. Health awareness, screening and early intervention can keep women from the threat of cervical cancer. The following recommendations are made:
Periodic medical check-ups: follow screening guidelines and check cervical health in a timely manner.
Proper understanding of vaccines: understanding the role and timing of HPV vaccines.
Attention to physical signs: Call for medical attention as soon as possible in the event of abnormal bleeding or other symptoms.
Cope and Sharing: Sharing knowledge on cervical cancer prevention and treatment with family and friends to help more women benefit.
Concluding remarks
Significant progress has been made in the prevention and early treatment of cervical cancer, but it is still necessary for every woman to take a proactive approach to her health. Scientific prevention, early detection and regulation of treatment not only effectively reduce the incidence of cervical cancer but also improve the quality of life of patients. Take care of yourself. Start with the cervical cancer!
Cervical cancer
