Prevention of hypertension

The hypertensive renal disease is a disease that affects the kidney function due to long-term hypertensive changes in the kidney artery, which is closely related to the early and late detection of the disease by the patient, the control of blood pressure, the extent of the kidney function impairment and the active treatment. Serious kidney transplantation or dialysis treatment is a inconvenience for families and patients. The development of hypertension can be prevented if the following precautions are taken. Specific preventive measures include: active control of blood pressure; regular monitoring of blood pressure:Regular adult blood pressure should be measured on a regular basis, with a recommendation to do so at least once a year; for population groups with high-risk factors such as high blood pressure family history, obesity, and long-term high-salt diets, the frequency of measurements should be increased and can be measured every 3 to 6 months in order to detect blood pressure anomalies at an early stage and to intervene in a timely manner.Learn to properly measure blood pressure by sphygmomanometers, to be quiet, relaxed, to choose the appropriate ligature (generally sitting or lying down) and appropriate cuffbands, to record the blood pressure values in a precise manner, in accordance with the operational instructions, and to visit a doctor as soon as possible if blood pressure is found to be in excess of its normal range on several occasions (constriction ≥140 mmHg or suffocation ≥90 mmHg).Lifestyle adjustment:Low salt diet: Reduce salt intake, with daily salt intake below 5 grams, while taking care to reduce the consumption of high salt foods such as sauce, pickles and pickles, as excessive salt intake causes sodium sodium to remain and increases blood pressure.Weight control: Weight maintenance in a healthy context, achieved through a combination of a reasonable diet and an appropriate amount of motion. Generally, the BMI should remain between 18.5 and 23.9 kg/m2.• Prohibition of smoking: smoking causes vascular constriction and increased blood pressure, as well as damage to inner-vascular cells and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, so that smoking is stopped; overdrinking is also detrimental to blood pressure control.• Moderate exercise: a medium-intensity aerobic activity of at least 50 minutes per week, with some appropriate force training, with attention to gradual and non-excessive movement, which helps to reduce blood pressure and enhance cardiovascular function.• Stay in the mood: chronic stress, anxiety, excessive stress can cause blood pressure fluctuations, relieve stress and maintain a calm mind by developing hobby, communicating with others, etc.Regulating drug treatment:• When high blood pressure is diagnosed, the medication should be administered on time and at the level prescribed by the doctor, and cannot be stopped, replaced or reduced at will. Even if the blood pressure is temporarily controlled, it needs long-term maintenance to ensure that the pressure is stabilized within normal limits.• Periodic visits, feedback to doctors on blood pressure control and on the physical reaction of the drug, and the doctor adjusts the type, dosage, etc. of the pressure relief drug to the actual situation.Control of other risk factors Control of blood sugar:For people with diabetes, the level of blood sugar is to be actively controlled through a combination of dietary control (reasonable distribution of the intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, total calorie control), appropriate exercise, regular use of sugar-reducing drugs (e.g. oral sugar or insulin, etc.), so as to keep the sugared hemoglobin (HbA1c) under 7 per cent, reduce the damage to kidney vessels from high blood sugar and reduce the risk of hypertensive kidney disease.Regulating blood resin:• Pay attention to the haemoglobin situation and conduct regular blood resin testing. If indicators such as total cholesterol, triester glycerine and low-density protein cholesterol are found to be higher, appropriate interventions, such as adjusting diets, increasing exercise and, if necessary, taking degenerative drugs, keeping the haematose to a reasonable extent and avoiding adverse effects on the kidney vessels from the hardening of the artery.Regular medical check-ups – general check-ups• Regular and comprehensive physical examinations, including measurements of blood pressure, urine routines, kidney function (indicators such as detection of acetic anhydride, urea nitrogen, acetic anhydride removal rate), blood resin, blood sugar, etc., in order to detect, in a timely manner, potential health problems, especially signs of early kidney damage, such as micro-protein urine, and it is generally recommended that a full medical examination be conducted every year, and that patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes be given an appropriate increase in the frequency of such examinations, depending on the condition.Special examinations for kidneys:• For groups with high-risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity, in addition to regular check-ups, periodic kidney ultrasound examinations can be conducted to observe kidney size, morphology, structure and cortex thickness, which can help to detect minor changes in kidneys at an early stage, so that early detection and early intervention can prevent the occurrence and development of hypertension.The above-mentioned comprehensive and multi-faceted preventive measures can effectively reduce the risk of hypertensive kidney disease, protect kidney health and maintain good physical functioning.