Prevention of infection is an important measure for the health of individuals. Prevention of infection becomes even more important as pathogens diversify and diversify their modes of transmission. A detailed description of the methods used to prevent infection helps to develop a scientific concept of protection and good hygiene practices.
I. Understanding pathogens and transmission pathways: The first step in preventing infection is understanding the basic characteristics of the pathogens and the means of transmission. Common pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc., which can be transmitted through air foam, direct contact, indirect contact (such as common articles), food and water. Understanding these fundamentals helps us to take targeted preventive measures.
II. Personal hygiene practices: hygiene practices are the basis for preventing infection. The following points are of particular importance: hand-washing, often with soap and mobile water, can effectively remove bacteria and viruses from hands. Especially after meals, after contact with outside objects, and before touching mouths and noses, it is essential that hands be carefully washed, following a seven-step wash, which takes no less than 20 seconds. The wearing of masks is one of the most effective measures to prevent respiratory infections. It is essential that masks be properly worn in public places, in closed spaces and in public transport. The mask should cover mouths and noses and be periodically replaced to avoid duplication of use. Cough cough sneezes: Coughs and sneezes often carry a virus and can directly or indirectly cause the virus to spread. Coughing and sneezing must therefore be covered with paper towels and handkerchiefs to avoid facing others directly. In the absence of paper towels, the inside side of the elbow can be used to shield the nose and mouth. • Maintenance of the environment: regular cleaning of the living environment and maintenance of interior cleaning. The frequent ventilation of windows and the maintenance of indoor air flows can effectively reduce the concentration of viruses and bacteria in the air and reduce the risk of disease transmission.
III. Social distance and gathering: Maintaining social distance and reducing gathering is one of the key measures to prevent infection. (b) Maintenance of social distance of more than one metre: Infectious respiratory diseases are transmitted mainly through close-respiratory foam, and maintenance of social distance of more than one metre can provide some protection against viral infections. To avoid overcrowding and keep a safe distance. (b) Reduced concentration: the number of people in public places is high, the number of people moving, the number of people gathering for meals, and the vulnerability of gatherings to respiratory infections. Therefore, access to multi-person sites should be minimized and participation in large-scale gatherings avoided.
Equivalent nutrition and the right amount movement: balanced nutrition and the right amount movement are effective ways to increase immunity and help prevent infection. Equilibria: Ingestion of sufficient energy and nutrients, including proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibres, water, etc. that maintain a functioning immune function. It is recommended to eat cassava foods of 200-300g per day, vegetables of 300-500g, dairy and dairy products of 300-500g, animal foods of 120-200g per day and fruit of 200-350g. At the same time, water is available in sufficient quantities per day, in small quantities. (b) Motion-appropriate exercise: Maintaining appropriate exercise, such as walking, jogging, swimming, etc. helps to enhance CPR function and improve physical resistance. At the same time, regularity is maintained to avoid staying up late and to ensure adequate sleep.
V. Vaccination: Vaccination is the most economical, effective and accessible means of preventing infectious diseases. Eligible populations should be actively vaccinated against related vaccines, such as influenza vaccine, new crown vaccine, etc. Vaccines can stimulate the creation of specific antibodies in the organism, thereby rapidly initiating the immune response to protect the human body from infection when pathogens invade.
Health monitoring and timely access to health care: Health monitoring is undertaken on a proactive basis, and in cases of fever, cough and other symptoms, timely access to regular health-care facilities. In the course of a visit, masks should be worn, public transport avoided, travel history voluntarily informed, travel history exposed, and there should be no concealment or evasion. At the same time, they follow medical instructions and follow up with medical institutions to prevent and control them.
VII. Protection of special population groups: More attention and protection should be given to special groups such as the elderly, children and pregnant women. These populations are relatively less immune and are more vulnerable to pathogens. Therefore, greater emphasis should be placed on personal protection and environmental health in daily life, avoiding multiple locations and reducing the risk of infection.
We can effectively reduce the risk of infection and ensure the health and safety of individuals and society by using a combination of measures such as understanding pathogens and transmission routes, developing good hygiene practices, maintaining social distance and reducing concentration, balancing nutrition and sufficiency campaigns, active vaccination, health monitoring and timely access to health care, and focusing on the protection of specific populations.
