Pneumonia is a common respiratory infection that mainly affects lung tissue, resulting in pneumoconiosis of liquid and inflammatory cells. Pneumonia pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Pneumonia can be classified into bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, fungal pneumonia and parasitic pneumonia, depending on the pathogens. The diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia is essential for the rehabilitation of patients,
I. Diagnosis of pneumonia
1. Medical history and clinical performance: Ask if the patient has any recent symptoms of fever, cough, cough, chest pain, knowledge of the patient ‘ s past history, allergies, family history, etc. Symptoms of pneumonia typically include fever, cough, cough, chest pain, aerobics, etc., but may vary from pathogens to pathogens.
2. Medical examination: to observe the general situation of patients, such as the spirit, the frequency of breathing, the heart rate, etc.; to hear the lung, to learn the sound of the lung ‘ s breathing, to speak, etc.; to visit the lung, to learn the extent of the changes in the lung.
3. Laboratory examinations: routine blood tests allow for the understanding of patients ‘ white-cell count, the ratio of neutral particles, etc., and help to determine the nature and extent of the infection; indicators of C-reactive inflammations, such as protein (CRP) and calcium-reducing (PCT) can reflect the severity of the infection; and blood and gas analysis can assess the aerobic combination of patients.
4. Visual examinations: X-rays of the chest or CT can help to determine the type and extent of pneumonia by detecting changes in the lungs, immersion, empty holes, etc.
Pathological examinations: the development of specimens such as sapling, blood, chest cavity, etc. and PCR tests can identify pathogens and help guide anti-infection treatment.
II. Treatment of pneumonia
1. Anti-infection treatment: Select appropriate anti-infection drugs according to the type of pathogens and the sensitivity of the drug. For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics such as penicillin, large cycline esters, headgillin are commonly used; for viral pneumonia, antivirals such as Ostawe, Ashilove, etc.; for fungal pneumonia, antigens such as fluoride, Icraconol, etc.; and for parasitic pneumonia such as mitals and chloroquines are commonly used. Anti-infection treatment should be adequate and adequate to avoid the abuse of antibiotics.
2. Treatment of illness: the treatment of illness according to the patient ‘ s symptoms. Heated, cough, cough, pain.
3. Support for treatment: for patients with severe pneumonia, support for treatment such as oxygen therapy, nutritional support and maintenance of hydrolytic balance.
4. Treatment of complications: Complications such as combined respiratory failure, heart failure and peptomy should be addressed in a timely manner.
Rehabilitation treatment: Persons with pneumonia rehabilitation may undergo rehab therapy such as respiratory muscle training and physical exercise to promote the recovery of lung function.
III. Preventive measures
1. Strengthening personal hygiene: hand-washing, wearing masks, avoiding crowded public spaces, etc.
2. Increased immunity: maintenance of good health, diet, exercise, etc., and increased physical resistance.
3. Vaccination against pneumonia, such as influenza, pneumocococcal, etc., according to age and state of health.
4. Protection for populations at high risk: at-risk groups such as the elderly, infants and young children, pregnant women and those with low immunization capacity should pay special attention to protection against infection.
In general, the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia requires the development of individualized treatment programmes, taking into account a wide range of information, including patient history, clinical performance, laboratory and video-testing. At the same time, strengthening preventive measures and reducing the incidence of pneumonia are important for the health of the population.
