Every person in his or her life has been affected by a lack of or a decrease in defecation. Many people think it is constipation if they do not defecate one day; but not everyone does defecate every day. It is normal to defecate 1-3 times a day to 2-3 times a week. Decontamination does not necessarily indicate the existence of constipation, unless there has been a significant change in the recent past compared to previous defecation habits. Let’s find out what chronic constipation is today.
Definition of chronic constipation
Chronic constipation means that symptoms such as reduced defecation, defecation and defecation persist for more than six months. According to the Rome IV standard, two or more of the following conditions are to be met for chronic constipation: at least 25 per cent of the time in which there is a defecation effort, a lump or knot of faeces, a lack of sense of defecation, a need for handy-aided defecation, less than three defecation times a week; little defecation when laxatives are not used; and failure to meet the diagnostic criteria for intestinal irritant syndrome.
II. EMERGENCY MECHANISMS:
1. Disables in colon transfer: Decline in colon cortex, resulting in excessive length of stay of excreta within the colon, overabsorption of water and dryness of excreta.
2. Battery of the pelvic muscles: Poor coordination of the pelvic muscles, which leads to the normal relaxation of the anal blubber muscles during defecation and increases the difficulty of defecation.
3. Endocrine and metabolic anomalies: Endocrine and metabolic diseases such as thyroid loss, diabetes can affect intestinal functions.
Neural system functional disorders: Neural system diseases such as spinal cord damage and multiple sclerosis can affect intestinal neurotransmission and lead to constipation.
5. intestinal fungus disorders: reduction of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract, increase of harmful bacteria, influence intestine creeping and manure formation.
Factors:
Dietary factors: Low-fibre diet, inadequate water intake, high-fat diet, etc. can lead to constipation.
2. Lifestyle: Lack of exercise, irregularity, neglect of convenience, etc. can induce constipation.
3. Drug factors: Certain medicines, such as tranquilizers, antidepressants, iron and calcium route retardants, can cause constipation.
Psychological factors: Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, depression can affect intestinal function.
5. Age factor: Older persons are more likely to experience constipation due to reduced intestinal function and reduced activity.
IV. Diagnosis
1. Medical history and medical examination: a full medical examination of the patient ‘ s symptoms, dietary habits, history of medication, history of past medical conditions, etc.
Laboratory inspection: includes blood protocol, thyroid function, blood sugar, electrolyte, etc., excluding other diseases.
3. Visual examinations: e.g. abdominal X-rays, enemas, colonoscopy, etc., to assess intestinal structures and functions.
4. Colon transfer test: Assessment of colon transfer time through oral markers and determination of whether or not colon transfer functional impairments exist.
Anal rectal pressure measurement: Anal rectal motor function assessed and pelvic function impaired judged.
Treatment
1. Lifestyle adjustments:
Dietary adjustment: Increased dietary fibre intake, such as extra vegetables, fruit, whole-grain food, and adequate water intake.
2 Sports: Regular and appropriate physical exercise to promote intestinal creeping.
3 The routine of defecation: daily defecation at a fixed time, without neglecting convenience.
2. Drug treatment:
Basic treatments, such as constipation through four to eight weeks of lifestyle adjustment, are ineffective and drug-based treatment is available as appropriate.
There are three types of laxatives that are commonly used: (1) Accumulative laxatives: e.g., polycarpofy calcium, European cars, promoting intestinal creeping by increasing the volume of excreta. (2) Permeable laxatives: e.g. polyethylene diol, lactose, soft faeces by increasing the internal moisture of the intestinal tract. (3) Irritating laxatives: e.g. tectonic leaves, Bissacola, which promote defecation by stimulating intestinal creeping.
2 Lubricant: glycerine, for example, through lubricating intestinal tracts to help excrete.
3 Promotive drugs: e.g. Pukkapuri, improve constipation by enhancing intestinal creeping.
4 Degenerative: Linalopine, for example, promotes defecation by stimulating intestinal fluids.
3. Other treatment methods include (1) biorefeed therapy: In the case of patients with pelvis dyslexia, the coordination of the anal rectum is improved through biological feedback training. (2) Surgical treatment: Surgeon treatment may be required for patients who are ineffective and have serious complications (e.g. giant colons, enteric infarction).
Prevention
A healthy diet: balanced diet, increased dietary fibre and moisture intake and reduced intake of high fat and sugary foods.
2 Equivalent exercise: Periodic exercise of appropriate physical exercise to enhance intestinal creeping.
3 The routine of defecation: daily defecation at a fixed time, without neglecting convenience.
Avoiding constipated drugs: Avoiding the long-term use of drugs that can lead to constipation, such as sedatives, antidepressants, etc.
Chronic constipation
