1. Postoperative diet and nutrition
1. Balanced diet: Postoperative patients should maintain a balanced diet structure and eat more lean meat, fish, eggs, beans, fresh vegetables and fruits and other foods rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. These foods are helpful to speed up wound healing and enhance the body’s immunity.
2. Drinking water in moderation: It can help eliminate toxins in the body, maintain body fluid balance, and keep water intake adequate. It is recommended that the amount of water should not be less than 1500 ml per day.
3. Avoid stimulating food: avoid spicy, greasy, cold and other stimulating food in the early postoperative period, so as not to increase the burden of the gastrointestinal tract and affect the healing of the wound.
4. Reasonable tonic: Under the guidance of doctors, we can properly eat nourishing foods, such as jujube, wolfberry, Astragalus, etc., but avoid blind tonic, so as not to backfire.
2. Wound Care and Rehabilitation Exercise
1. Wound nursing: In order not to cause infection, the wound should be kept clean and dry, and the dressing should be changed regularly. If you find abnormal conditions, such as swelling, pain or fluid secretion, you should seek medical help in time.
2. Rehabilitation exercise: Moderate rehabilitation exercise in the early stage after operation helps to activate blood circulation, prevent thrombosis and accelerate the recovery of the body. Exercise should be gradual and avoid strenuous exercise and overwork.
(1) Upper limb function exercise: It is helpful for the recovery of upper limb function, such as clenching fist, bending elbow, lifting and so on.
Respiratory function exercises: such as deep breathing, balloon blowing, etc., are helpful to the improvement of lung function.
Psychological Adjustment and Social Support
1. Psychological adjustment: Breast cancer patients often face greater psychological pressure after surgery, including emotional distress, such as anxiety, depression and so on. It is suggested that patients should face the illness positively, maintain an optimistic attitude, and seek psychological support by participating in psychological counseling and joining the patient group.
2. Social support: Family members and all sectors of society should give full care and support to breast cancer patients after surgery to help them build up confidence in overcoming the disease and promote the rehabilitation process.
4. Regular review and follow-up
1. Regular reexamination: Patients should be reexamined regularly after operation according to the doctor’s requirements, including breast ultrasound, molybdenum target X-ray photography, tumor marker detection, etc., so as to detect and deal with recurrence or metastasis in time.
2. Follow-up management: establish and record personal health records for the change of illness, treatment process and recovery.
