Popular science of diabetes

Diabetes, an increasingly common disease in modern society, is quietly threatening people’s health. It is a clinical syndrome caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, which leads to the absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and the decrease of cell sensitivity to insulin, thus causing a series of metabolic disorders of sugar, protein, fat, water and electrolytes. In order to help you better understand diabetes and its prevention and treatment methods, today, I will bring you a popular science article on diabetes prevention and treatment. 1. The harm of diabetes mellitus is marked by hyperglycemia, which is harmful to people’s health. If blood sugar can not be maintained at a normal level for a long time, it will often unconsciously cause damage to multiple systems and organs, combined with many other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, nervous system and fundus disease, which seriously affect the health of patients and threaten their lives. 2. Dietary regulation is the basis of diabetes prevention and treatment. Diabetics should eat a low-sugar diet and reduce the intake of high-sugar and high-calorie foods, such as candy, cake, chocolate and fruits with high sugar content. At the same time, we should eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, such as vegetables and coarse grains, which can delay food absorption, reduce the peak of postprandial blood sugar, and help to improve the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, we should increase the intake of vitamins and minerals, such as milk, cabbage, fish, fresh dates and other foods rich in vitamin C and vitamin B, as well as dried small shrimps, kelp, sesame and other foods rich in calcium and selenium, which can help slow down the occurrence of diabetic complications. Increasing the amount of exercise is also an important means to prevent and control diabetes. For people at high risk of obesity, exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and help control blood sugar and weight. Regular and appropriate exercise programs can be formulated, such as aerobic exercise such as fast walking, jogging, swimming and cycling, with at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week. Exercise can not only enhance cardiopulmonary function, but also prevent the occurrence of diabetes. However, please note that the intensity and time of exercise should be moderate, and overwork and strenuous exercise should be avoided. Regular blood glucose testing is an effective way to detect and control diabetes in time. People who are obese or overweight, have a family history of diabetes and other high risk factors for diabetes should have regular blood sugar tests. Blood glucose meter can be used for self-monitoring of blood glucose, timely detection of abnormal blood glucose and take appropriate measures. At the same time, we should also pay attention to other indicators related to diabetes, such as blood lipids, blood pressure, weight and so on, to comprehensively assess health status. Drug therapy for patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes, in addition to diet and exercise regulation, also need drug therapy according to the doctor’s advice. Drug therapy includes oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin injection. Patients should take medicine on time according to medical supervision, and do not increase or decrease the dosage or stop taking medicine by themselves. At the same time, we should also visit the hospital regularly, monitor the changes of blood sugar and other related indicators, and adjust the treatment plan in time. 3. In addition to the above preventive measures, diabetic patients also need to pay attention to daily care. Keep your skin clean to avoid infection; pay attention to oral hygiene and brush your teeth regularly; keep a regular schedule and ensure adequate sleep; avoid bad habits such as smoking and drinking. In addition, we should keep a happy mood and avoid excessive anxiety and tension. These help to control blood sugar levels and reduce complications. In conclusion, diabetes is a chronic disease that requires long-term management and treatment. We can effectively prevent and control the occurrence and development of diabetes through reasonable diet regulation, appropriate exercise, regular blood sugar testing, necessary drug treatment and daily care. Let’s work together to protect our health!