Cardiac anesthesia, from fear to peace.

From fear to reassurance, the process of cardiac anesthesia is explained in detail, so that you can have more confidence in cardiac surgery. This issue is responsible for science popularization. Heart surgery is a high-risk and complex medical procedure, which requires not only the surgeon’s superb skills, but also the precise cooperation of the anesthesia team. Anesthesia plays a vital role in cardiac surgery, ensuring that patients are pain-free and maintain stable vital signs during the procedure. This article will reveal the process of cardiac anesthesia in detail to help patients and their families have more understanding and confidence in the upcoming cardiac surgery. Preoperative assessment and preparation 1. Preoperative visit: The anesthesiologist will have face-to-face communication with the patient to understand the patient’s medical history, drug allergy history and family history of anesthesia, and assess whether the patient’s physical condition is suitable for anesthesia. 2. Laboratory examination: including blood routine, coagulation function, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, etc., to assess the patient’s cardiopulmonary function and general condition. 2. Laboratory examination: including blood routine, coagulation function, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, etc., to assess the patient’s cardiopulmonary function and general condition. 3. Anesthesia plan formulation: According to the patient’s specific situation, the anesthesiologist will formulate a personalized anesthesia plan, including the selection of the most suitable anesthetic drugs and monitoring equipment. 2. Anesthesia induction and maintenance 1. Anesthesia induction: After the patient enters the operating room, the anesthesiologist will give anesthetic drugs intravenously, so that the patient can quickly enter a painless state. 2. Tracheal intubation: In order to keep the patient’s airway unobstructed, the anesthesiologist will perform tracheal intubation and assist or control the patient’s breathing through a ventilator. 3. Anesthesia maintenance: During the operation, the anesthesiologist will adjust the dosage of anesthetic drugs according to the patient’s vital signs to ensure that the patient is in a stable state of anesthesia throughout the operation. 3. Intraoperative monitoring and management 1. Vital signs monitoring: including heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, etc., real-time monitoring of patients’vital signs. 2. Anesthesia depth monitoring: Use professional anesthesia depth monitoring equipment, such as bispectral index (BIS) monitor, to ensure that the patient’s anesthesia depth is appropriate. 3. Dealing with emergencies: Anesthesiologists should be ready to deal with possible emergencies, such as arrhythmia, blood pressure fluctuations, and take corresponding emergency measures. 4. Postoperative recovery and analgesia 1. Anesthesia recovery: After the operation, the anesthesiologist will gradually reduce the supply of anesthetic drugs to make the patient recover from anesthesia. 2. Pain management: In order to reduce the postoperative pain of patients, anesthesiologists will adopt multimodal analgesic strategies, including drug therapy and other non-drug therapies. 3. Monitoring and evaluation: The patient was sent to the anesthesia resuscitation unit (PACU) and was closely monitored by professional healthcare workers until the patient fully regained consciousness and stabilized vital signs. 5. Roles and responsibilities of the anesthesia team 1. Anesthesiologist: As the core of the team, he is responsible for formulating the anesthesia plan, performing the anesthesia operation, monitoring the patient’s vital signs and dealing with intraoperative abnormalities. While monitoring the patient’s physiological parameters and providing assistance when necessary. 2. Technical support personnel: ensure the normal operation of all anesthesia equipment and monitoring instruments, solve technical problems in time, and ensure the smooth operation. 6. Anesthesia risk and complication management 1. Risk assessment: Anesthesiologists will conduct a comprehensive risk assessment of patients before operation, identify possible risk factors, and formulate appropriate preventive measure. 2. Preventive measure: including the optimization of the patient’s preoperative state, the selection of appropriate anesthetic techniques and drugs, and the adoption of effective monitoring means. 3. Treatment of complications: Once anaesthesia-related complications occur, such as allergic reactions and respiratory depression, the anesthesia team will immediately take emergency measures to ensure the safety of patients. Conclusion The success of cardiac surgery depends not only on the surgeon’s exquisite skills, but also on the professional cooperation and careful management of the anesthesia team. Through the introduction of this article, we understand the detailed process of cardiac anesthesia, including preoperative assessment, anesthesia induction and maintenance, intraoperative monitoring and management, postoperative recovery and analgesia, and the role and responsibility of the anesthesia team. At the same time, we also discussed the risk and complication management of anesthesia, as well as new technologies and future prospects in the field of anesthesia. This knowledge can help patients and their families have more confidence and preparation for heart surgery. I believe that with the efforts of the professional team, every patient can get through the operation smoothly and meet the healthy future.