The depth of colon cancer.

I. Overview of colon cancerDefinitions and classificationsEnteral cancer, also known as cormorant cancer, is one of the forms of tumours in digestive tracts, resulting from abnormal growth and proliferation of colon or rectal cells. Depending on the incidence of the disease, it can be classified as colon cancer and rectal cancer, with a higher incidence than colon cancer. More than 80 per cent of rectal cancer is in the middle and lower part of the rectal, while the majority of colon cancer occurs in the right half of the colon in the back of the blind, the breath, the liver, the spleen, the transectal, etc.II. Causes and prevention of colon cancerThe causes of enteric cancer are complex and varied, and involve a wide range of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. First of all, genetic diseases such as family adenomasis (FAP) and genetic insinuary carcinoma (HNPCC) have significantly increased the risk of coronary cancer. Secondly, environmental factors cannot be ignored, and prolonged exposure to some chemicals may also increase the incidence of colon cancer.The effect of lifestyle on colon cancer is particularly evident. Unhealthful eating habits, such as high fat, low-fiber diets, increase the incidence of colon cancer. Lack of physical activity, obesity and smoking are also considered to be a risk factor for enteric cancer. In addition, chronic drinking and excessive consumption of red meat may increase the likelihood of disease.The key to the prevention of colon cancer is its early intervention. Regular colonoscopy is an effective means of detecting early colon cancer, especially for high-risk groups. Through early screening, circulatory and treatment can be done to improve cholesterol rates when colon cancer is not advanced. In addition, healthy lifestyles such as maintaining dietary balance, adequate exercise, weight control and ablution on alcohol and tobacco can also help reduce the incidence of colon cancer.III. Main symptoms of colon cancerThe main symptoms of colon cancer include but are not limited to:Decay blood: This is one of the most common symptoms of a patient with a colon cancer, generally manifested in blood red or dark red in the urine. Pee blood may be as a result of a tumour surface vascular fracture.2. Change of excrement habits: Patients may experience an alternation of diarrhoea and constipation. These symptoms may be caused by tumour growth in the intestinal tract.3. Abdominal pain or abdominal discomfort: As the tumor grows, the patient may feel abdominal pain or discomfort, especially in defecation. This pain is likely to persist and may be intermittent.4. Abdominal swelling: In some cases, tumours may form contactable swelling in the abdominal. This swelling is generally hard to fix.5. Decline in body weight: Unidentified causes of loss of body weight due to consumption of nutrients in the body by the tumor. In addition, loss of appetite and digestive disorders may cause loss of body weight.6. A sense of fatigue: As the disease progresses, patients may feel a constant sense of fatigue, which can be attributed to the consumption of energy and nutrients by the tumor, or to the effects of the body on the tumor.The latter stage of rectal cancer may lead to more severe symptoms such as yellow salivation, abdominal water and liver abnormalities. These symptoms usually indicate that the tumor has spread to other organs.These symptoms do not occur in all cases of colon cancer, but may also be associated with other diseases of the digestive system. Therefore, in the event of these symptoms, a detailed medical examination should be carried out in time for early diagnosis and treatment.IV. Treatment of colon cancerSurgery is one of the main means of treatment for colon cancer. In the case of early colon cancer, local cutting is generally used, such as under-intestinal surgery or partial removal of anal tumours. In the period of progress of colon cancer, root surgery is required, including the corresponding colon removal and the removal of regional lymph nodes. With the spread of microclinic surgery in the abdominal cavity, an increasing number of people with enteric cancer have benefited from this small and fast-rehabilitated procedure.The other drug treatments for colon cancer are chemotherapy, target-oriented treatment and immunotherapy. chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells with chemical drugs and is generally used in patients with advanced or transectal colon cancer to extend their life and reduce symptoms. Target treatment is an attack on specific molecules of the cancer cell, such as the skin growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the internal vascular growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, which can more precisely strike the cancer cell and reduce damage to normal cells. Immunization treatment has made significant progress in recent years in the treatment of colon cancer through activation or enhancement of the patient ‘ s immune system to enable it to identify and attack cancer cells, particularly for patients with microsatellites with high volatility (MSI-H) or misalignment (DMMR). The combination of these three treatments provides more comprehensive and individualized treatment for people with colon cancer, resulting in a significant improvement in the effectiveness of treatment and the quality of life of patients.In the case of treatment, it is mainly for patients who are in partial progress or are unable to operate. The destruction of cancer cells through high-energy rays, the reduction of symptoms and the extension of the life cycle through medical treatment. For some rectal cancer patients, pre- and post-operative radiotherapy can also increase the success rate of surgical sterilization and reduce the chances of relapse.V. Prognosis and rehabilitation of colon cancerThe prognosis of colon cancer is related to a number of factors, including the tumour ‘ s stratification, grade, section, age and general health status. Early detection of timely treatment usually leads to better prognosis, while later prognosis for colon cancer is relatively lower. In addition, the use of surgical, chemotherapy, therapeutic and target-oriented treatments has led to significant improvements in the prognosis and rehabilitation of patients with colon cancer.In the process of rehabilitation, the patient needs appropriate dietary adjustments under the supervision of a doctor and appropriate physical exercise to improve his/her health. Psychological support was equally important, as many patients experienced emotional problems such as anxiety and depression during their rehabilitation, so psychological guidance and intimacy were crucial.Concluding remarksOverall, the prevention and treatment of colon cancer requires interdisciplinary cooperation and comprehensive management strategies. The overall survival and quality of life of patients has been significantly improved through early diagnosis and individual-specific treatment. In the future, as medical science and technology continue to develop, we have every reason to believe that the treatment of colon cancer will continue to optimize and that patients ‘ prognosis will improve significantly.