Hey, kids! In this wonderful world in which we live, bacteria are like a bunch of naughty little pricks, everywhere, sneaking into our bodies from time to time, making us sick and sick. But don’t worry, there’s a super-powered “weapons” — anti-bacterial drugs — that, like a brave superhero, will rise up and fight in our bodies with those bad bacteria, beating them in the water and eventually restoring our health. Today, let’s explore in depth how the antibacterial drug works.
I. “City walls” aimed at bacteria – inhibiting cell wall synthesis
Imagine, bacteria is like a little castle, and it’s out there with a solid cell wall, like a wall to protect it. It’s important to bacteria, just as the walls of the castle are able to protect itself from invasions and to maintain the shape of the castle, the walls of the bacteria can sustain their own shapes and help it withstand all kinds of “attacks”.
For example, penicillin and headgillin, these antibacterial drugs, are like a bunch of little craftsmen with magic. When the bacteria are synthesized, they need special “assets” – enzymes – just like building walls requires tools. These anti-bacterial drugs will be quietly applied to magic, running to the enzymes in a tight combination, as if they were cursing these “baby assistants” so they could not work properly. It’s good that, in the process of growth and division, bacteria want to rebuild or repair their “walls” because they lack the help of these key “baby assistants” and they can’t build the walls in their entirety. As a result, just like the castle without a solid wall, and under external pressure, such as permeation pressure, the bacteria will be “bowling”, swelling and bursting, and finally grumbling, just as the unprotected castle will be easily breached by the enemy. That way we’ll have less bad bacteria and we’ll get better.
Breaking the bacteria’ “defence lines” – affecting membrane penetration
In addition to the “wall” of the outside, there’s an important line of defence, which is the membrane. Cellular membranes are like gates to castles, and it’s vital for the survival of bacteria to get something that’s strictly controlled.
There’s an antibacterial drug called polymixin, which is amazing, like an agile “agent”. Imagine that bacterial membranes are like a castle door, and there’s a strict door-ban system at the door. The membrane-like drug would sneak in front of the bacteria’ cellular membranes, and then it would “close” with some of the specific components of the membranes, and, once combined, it would mess up the membrane’s originally orderly “door-ban system”. This is a good “gateway” that would have been accessible only to specific substances, and it is now open to anyone. It’s like the castle’s door is suddenly broken, and the gold and silver treasure (the most important material in the bacteria) in it will go out like water, and something harmful to it outside will go in. So the bacteria can’t maintain their normal physical function, and we can’t do anything but fall back and get rid of our bodies.
“Producer workshops” to disrupt bacteria – interference with protein synthesis
You know what, teenagers? In order to grow and reproduce properly, bacteria have to be assisted by a variety of small parts, which are proteins. And the bacteria have a “workshop” that specializes in the production of these proteins, and it’s actually its nuclei.
These antibacterial drugs, such as amino sugar, tetracycline and large cycline esters, do not spare this important “workshop”. In the case of amino sugar, it sneaks into the bacteria’ nuclei of nuclei, a “workshop”, and then combines it with specific parts of the nuclei. This combination is such that the nucleus can make mistakes when they synthesize proteins, either making strangely unserviceable proteins or simply not continuing to synthesize proteins. This is as if, in a car production workshop, it would have been possible to produce a suitably qualified car spare parts, with the result that there was a disturbance, either the strange form of the spare parts produced would not have worked, or simply would not have produced them. Without these normal protein “small parts”, bacteria, like a car without critical parts, can’t travel properly, can’t continue to mess up our bodies, and naturally our bodies will recover.
Cutting off the “genetic code” of bacteria – inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
And finally, let’s talk about the bacteria’ “genetic code,” which is nucleic acid, which includes DNA and RNA, which are important things that bacteria use to convey their own characteristics and to guide their growth and reproduction.
These antibacterials, like the quinone and the Lefoppins, are like “good guys” who break codes. Imagine that bacteria’ DNA is like a mysterious family secret that records all the secrets of how bacteria grow and breed. Quinonone-type drugs go to the DNA revolving enzyme, an important “mechanism” used by bacteria to copy DNA, and then give the “mechanical” to the card so that it cannot function properly, so that the reproduction of DNA is blocked. Li Fuping will run to the “mechanism” that bacteria use to synthesize RNA – RNA polymerase – disrupt its normal work and affect RNA synthesis. It’s like someone messing up a family photocopying machine (DNA revolving enzyme) or a recorder (RNA polymerase), so that bacteria can’t accurately transmit and copy their own genetic information, and we can’t produce any more bad bacteria, and our bodies can get rid of them.
So, young friends, it’s through these wonderful mechanisms that antibacterial drugs compete in the microworld with bacteria to protect our health. It should be borne in mind, however, that anti-bacterial drugs could not be readily eaten and must be used under the guidance of a doctor in order to make them work better and avoid unnecessary problems.
