Meningitis is a common pleural disease and, as a result of pleural inflammation, patients often suffer from symptoms such as chest pain and cough, which seriously affects the quality of life. Knowledge of pleuralitis is essential for disease prevention, early detection and effective treatment.
I. Common symptoms of meningitis
The most important symptom of pleuralitis is chest pain, which is usually severe and typical. The nature of the pain is mostly stingy or towed, and when the patient breathes and coughs, the chest pain is significantly increased. This is because breathing and coughing results in friction of the plethora, irritation of the plethora in the state of inflammation, and a greater pain from the nerve end which transmits pain signals to the brain. Some patients also have heat symptoms, with temperature varying depending on the extent of inflammation, generally varying between low and moderate heat. Heat is a response to inflammation in the body ‘ s immune system, suggesting that there may be an infection or other inflammatory disease in the body. In addition to chest pain and heat, patients may cough and cough. Coughs are of varying severity, sometimes intense, and the form of cough can vary from disease to disease, either white mucus or yellow sepsis.
II. The causes of pleural disease
The causes of pleural disease are complex and diverse, with the infection factor taking a prominent place. Virus infections, such as influenza virus, gland virus, bacterial infections, such as pneumocococcal, tuberculosis bacterium, etc., can cause pleural inflammation. When human resistance is reduced, these bacteria are easily absorbed into the fratrical zone, which breeds in large numbers and destroys the normal structure and functioning of the pleural. In addition to infection, autoimmune diseases are a common cause of pleural inflammation. For example, diseases such as rheumatism, systemic red weeds, disorders in the immune system of the patient, wrongful attacks on his or her own tissue, and the plethora as part of his or her body may be exhausted and inflammated. In addition, pleural inflammation can be caused by chest trauma, malignant neoplasms and pleural pleura. When the chest is traumatized by external force impact, puncture, etc., the integrity of the plethora is damaged and is prone to inflammation; the transfer of malignant tumours from the lung, breast, etc. to the pleural tumour, or the tumours of the pleura itself, may lead to pleural inflammation.
III. Diagnosis of meningitis
When diagnosing pleural dysenteritis, doctors first ask for details about the patient ‘ s medical history, including whether he has a recent history of infection, whether he/she suffers from immunological diseases, and whether he/she has chest injuries. A full medical examination is then carried out, with a focus on the chest, to see if the patient has a limited respiratory activity and if the chest has a concussion. The chest X-ray is one of the most common methods of examination, which helps doctors to observe the morphology of the plethora, the presence of pleural cavities, etc. For some cases where X-line screening is difficult to identify, the chest CT scan provides a clearer and more detailed image, which helps to detect micropathic changes in the pleura, and to determine the extent and extent of the disease. The detection of pleural perforation is also critical to the diagnosis of pleural inflammation, which is analyzed by extracting the fluids in the pleural cavity to analyse the nature, cell composition, biochemical indicators, etc., and to determine the cause of pleural inflammation, i.e. whether it is infectious or non-infective, tuberculosis or tumour. In addition, blood tests, such as blood routines, blood sank, self-antibody tests, etc., can provide important clues for diagnosis and help doctors to make a comprehensive assessment of the patient ‘ s condition.
IV. Treatment of pleural meningitis
The key to the treatment of pleuralitis is the treatment of its causes. In the case of infective pleuralitis, in the case of bacterial infections, doctors select sensitive antibiotics such as penicillin, hemorrhoids, etc. to treat inflammation by killing bacteria. In the case of tuberculosis pleural inflammitis, there is a need for standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment, with common drugs such as amphibian, Lifoping, acetamide, and ethylambutol, which are long and generally take 6 – 9 months or more to ensure the total eradication of the fungus of tuberculosis and prevent recurrence. In the course of anti-tuberculosis treatment, patients are required to take medication on time, in strict compliance with medical instructions, and are not allowed to reduce their own volume or stop, taking into account the adverse effects of the drug, and regularly review indicators such as liver function, kidney function, etc. In the case of self-immunopleginitis, the immune system needs to be regulated with drugs such as immunosuppressants to mitigate inflammatory response, such as sugar cortex hormones and cyclophosphamine. The use of immunosuppressants, however, requires caution and is closely monitored by doctors, as they can lead to a decrease in the immune capacity of patients and increase the risk of infection. Treatment for the causes of the disease needs to be accompanied by treatment for the symptoms of the patient. For patients with more severe chest pain, painkillers, such as brophen, acetylaminophenol, etc., may be used appropriately, but care is taken to avoid cover-up. For cough and cough symptoms, cough oscillating drugs, such as ammonium bromine, ammonium chloride etc., may be used to alleviate the discomfort of the patient and to facilitate the discharge of the sap. If the patient is accompanied by a chest cavity fluid, a larger volume of the fluid may oppress the lung and affect the respiratory function, at which point it is necessary to have a chest piercing pump or a thorac closed flow, discharge the fluid, reduce lung pressure and improve the respiratory function.
V. Prevention of pleural meningitis
Prevention of pleural inflammation begins with increased body immunity. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as a balanced diet, and ingestion of food rich in nutrients such as proteins, vitamins and minerals, helps to maintain the normal functioning of the body ‘ s organs systems and improves immunity. Appropriate physical exercise enhances body quality, promotes blood circulation and metabolism, and increases body resistance, such as walking, jogging, yoga, swimming, etc. At the same time, care must be taken to rest, to ensure adequate sleep, to avoid overwork and to allow for adequate body recovery and adjustment. Prevention of infection is also key. During the high-prevalence influenza season, access to densely populated, air-traffic sites is minimized and, if necessary, masks can be worn to reduce the risk of infection. For patients with basic lung diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, pneumoconiosis, etc., active treatment of primary diseases and prevention of pleuralitis as a result of progress. In addition, vaccinations are one of the effective measures to prevent infective pleuralitis, such as influenza and pneumonia vaccines, which can reduce the risk of infection. In cases of self-immunological diseases, active treatment is provided, periodic review is carried out, and medical treatment programmes are adjusted to minimize the occurrence of self-immunopleural pleura. At the same time, care must be taken to avoid chest injuries and to provide protection against possible dangerous activities such as sports, work, etc.
Although pleural inflammation can cause many discomforts to patients, it can be effective in controlling its occurrence and development and in safeguarding physical health, provided that we are fully aware of its symptoms, causes, diagnostic methods, treatment programmes and preventive measures, so that early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and active prevention are achieved. In the case of patients who are already ill, it is important to maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, to cooperate with the treatment of doctors, to follow treatment programmes and rehabilitation recommendations and to seek early recovery.
