The prevention of urinary system infections is particularly important because they are a common and re-emerging disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The following are some of the methods used to prevent infections in the urinary system:
I. Maintaining good hygiene practices • Cleaning of private areas: Females who are exaggerated should be wiped back and prevent bacteria around their anus from contaminating the urinal mouths. Every day, warm water is used to wash the vagina and keep it clean and dry, but excessive cleaning and the use of irritating cleaning agents are to be avoided in order not to destroy the natural defence of the vagina. Men should also be aware of the need to clean their penis, especially those who are over-skinned, to wash their skins and remove the dirt, which tends to breed bacteria and cause infection. • Intense change of underwear: choice of cotton, air-breeding, and daily replacement. The changed underwear should be cleaned in a timely manner to avoid the long-term planting of bacteria, which would then be tanned in the sun and disinfected with ultraviolet light.
• Adequate drinking water: a daily guaranteed intake of sufficient water, with recommended drinking water in the range of 1,500-2000 ml. A large amount of drinking water can increase the amount of urine, and frequent rinsing of urine can remove bacteria and harmful substances from the urology system in a timely manner and reduce the chances of bacteria stopping and breeding in the urine. For example, the habit of regular drinking water is to have a drink every other time instead of waiting for thirst. • Regularity: keeping a regular life in order to avoid staying up late. Adequate sleep reduces the risk of infection by contributing to the restoration of organs of the body and the normal functioning of the immune system and enhancing physical resistance. Long-term nights can lead to physical fatigue, reduced immunity and vulnerability to bacteria.
Attention to sexual hygiene • Pre- and post-sexual hygiene: Before sexual intercourse, both men and women should wash their genitals and reduce the possibility of bacteria being brought into the urinal tract. After a sexual life, a woman should excrete in a timely manner and excrete the bacteria that may enter the urea through the rinsing of the urine. • Moderate sex: Avoid excessive frequency of sexual life and multiple sexual partners, since frequent sexual activity can cause damage to urea mucous membranes and increase the likelihood of infection, while multiple sexual partners increase the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, which can often cause urinological infections such as gonorrhoea, chlamydia, etc.
iv. Avoid holding the urine. Long holding the urine overloads the bladder, increases the pressure on the bladder wall, reduces the resistance of the bladder mucous membranes, and the bacteria are easy to take advantage of. At the same time, the holding of urine causes the urine to stay in the bladder for too long and the bacteria to breed more. When there is a urination, it should be carried out in a timely manner and a regular urination habit should be developed, for example, once every 2 – 3 hours, with proper access to the toilet, even if there is no apparent urination.
V. Strengthening exercise and nutrition • Moderate exercise: proper physical exercise, such as walking, jogging, yoga, etc., can promote blood circulation, enhance the metabolic function of the body, improve the body’s immunity and make the body more resilient to bacterial infections. The campaign shall be gradual and carried out at least three to four times a week for more than 30 minutes each. • A balanced diet: to ensure a balanced diet, with food rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins. More fresh vegetables and fruits, such as oranges, strawberries and broccoli, are rich in antioxidating substances such as vitamin C and contribute to increased immunity. At the same time, good-quality proteins, such as skinny meat, fish, pulses, etc., are consumed in appropriate quantities to provide the nutrients needed to repair and maintain normal physiological functions.
Women’s menstruation and pregnancy: During menstruation, women pay special attention to the timely replacement of sanitary towels and the selection of products of good quality and permeability to prevent bacterial growth. Women during pregnancy are at increased risk of infection in the urin system as a result of changes in hormone levels and increased uterus pressure on urin roads. During pregnancy, regular urine tests should be carried out regularly, water should be used, hygiene should be observed and medical treatment should be provided in a timely manner if there are signs of infection. • Older persons and children: older persons suffer from reduced physical functioning, reduced immunity and are often associated with diseases of the urinary system, such as prostate growth, and are vulnerable to urinological infections. Older persons should be aware of warmth, actively treated for basic diseases and regularly examined. Children, especially girls, are more vulnerable to infection because of short and direct urinal tracts. Parents should take care of the child ‘ s personal hygiene, change diapers or underwear and develop a good urination habits for the child. These various preventive measures can effectively reduce the incidence of urinary infections and protect the health of the urinary system.
