Vancocin is an antibiotic of aluminum and is used mainly for the treatment of serious gelatin positive infections. The details of its use are as follows:
I. Type of formulation and specification • Vancocin has both injection powder and capsule types. Powder specifications vary from 0.5g to 1g, etc., and capsule specifications are generally 0.125g and 0.25g. Different formulation types apply to different delivery pathways and treatment scenarios.
II. Access to medication • Implantation of veins: this is the most common method of delivery. Because of the non-absorption of Vungucin orals, all-body infections, such as serious diseases such as sepsis and endocrinitis, require the rapid introduction of drugs into the blood cycle through intravenous drips to act as antibacterial agents. • Oral administration: mainly for the treatment of pseudo-film intestinal inflammation caused by hard-to-feed. Because drugs can play a local antibacterial function in the intestinal tract, they inhibit the growth and reproduction of hard-to-feed.
iii. Use of intravenous dripping • Adult dosage • Regularly treated dosage: usually given every 12 hours, at 1g (in Vancoma). For serious infections, such as sepsis caused by methooxysilincin golden sepsis (MRSA), the dose may be increased as appropriate, but generally not exceeding 4 g per day. The adjustment of a specific dose needs to take into account the kidney function of the patient, the severity of the infection. • Dose adjustment based on kidney function: patients with normal kidney function are given the above-mentioned regular dose. For patients with reduced kidney function, the dose needs to be adjusted. The acetic anhydride removal rate (Ccr) is commonly used to assess kidney function. The dose can be reduced to 1 g per 12 – 24 hours when Ccr > 80 ml/min; 1g per 24 – 48 hours when Ccr > 80 ml/min; and 1g per 4 – 7 days when Ccr < 10 ml/min. This dose adjustment is intended to avoid the accumulation of drugs in the body and to produce toxic effects. • Speed of the drug: The drug needs to be injected slowly when inoculated with a vein. A single dose is usually dissolved in 0.9 per cent of sodium chloride injection or 5 per cent glucose injection at at least 200 ml for not less than one hour. This is because rapid dripping can lead to adverse reactions such as the Red Man Syndrome. • Neonatal and infant doses: for newborns within one week of birth, the first dose is 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg, every 12-18 hours; for infants born more than one week, the first dose is 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg, every 8-12 hours. Similarly, appropriate adjustments to the kidney function are required. Children's dosage (1 month – 18 years): usually 10 mg/kg, every 6 – 8 hours. There can be an appropriate increase in the dose for a serious infection, but care should be taken to monitor blood drug concentrations and kidney functions.
• Adult dose: 0.125 – 0.5g per dose per day for the treatment of pseudo-film intestinal inflammation, 4 times a day, usually 7 – 10 days. Specific doses can also be adjusted to the patient ‘ s condition and patient ‘ s tolerance. • Children’s dose: For children, the dose is 40 mg/kg/d in four doses, with a treatment similar to that of adults.
V. Monitoring of blood drug concentrations and dose adjustments • Because of the narrow window for the treatment of vancocin, high blood concentrations may cause adverse effects such as ear toxicity, kidney toxicity, and low blood concentrations may not achieve treatment. Monitoring of blood concentrations is therefore required in the course of use, especially for patients with long-term use, unstable kidneys or poor treatment. • It is generally recommended that blood sample detection grain concentrations be collected 30 minutes before the 3-4 dose. For most infections, it is more appropriate to maintain cereal concentrations at 10 – 15 μg/ml; for serious infections, such as infectious endocrinitis, osteoporitis, etc., cereal concentrations may need to be maintained at 15 – 20 μg/ml. Based on the monitoring of blood levels, appropriate adjustments were made to the dose and the spacing of the drug, taking into account the kidney function of the patient, the infection, etc. Medical advice must be strictly followed in the use of vancomicin, and health-care personnel need to pay close attention to the patient ‘ s response to ensure safe and effective drug use.
