Preventive use of antibiotics plays a crucial role in the operation, particularly in reducing the number of infections in the surgery and promoting post-operative recovery. The following are some of the types of surgery suitable for the preventive use of antibiotics:
I. Local incision pollution operations
Such operations include local incisions due to trauma, cut-off, etc., and operations that may be contaminated by microorganisms during the operation. In these cases, the preventive use of antibiotics can significantly reduce the risk of infection. For example, the preventive use of antibiotics is necessary if the wound is contaminated and requires surgery when the patient suffers a cut or other trauma. In addition, the preventive use of antibiotics is recommended for certain open fractures, soft tissue damage, etc., as the wounds are exposed to the outside environment.
II. Implant surgery
Implant surgery is an operation to implant artificial material (e.g., artificial joints, pacemaker, vascular stubble, etc.) into the patient. As these artificial materials can be a potential source of infection, the preventive use of antibiotics is essential to prevent implant infections. For example, preventive use of antibiotics can significantly reduce the risk of implant infection in implantation operations such as arterial vascular implantation and heart bridging.
III. Organ transplantation
Organ transplantation is a complex and high-risk operation, and patients are vulnerable to infection due to such factors as the length of the operation, the trauma and the use of post-operative immunosuppressants. The preventive use of antibiotics in organ transplant operations is therefore essential. This not only reduces the risk of infection in the surgery, but also reduces the complications of infection during the use of post-operative immunosuppressants. For example, in organ transplants such as kidney transplants and liver transplants, the preventive use of antibiotics has become one of the standard treatment options.
IV. Intracreal surgery
Intracreal surgery involves critical central nervous system structures such as the brain and spinal cord, with severe consequences in case of infection. It is therefore important to prevent the use of antibiotics in intracranial surgery. This not only reduces the risk of infection in the surgery, but also protects the central nervous system from infection. For example, the preventive use of antibiotics can significantly improve the success of the operation and the quality of post-operative recovery during intracranial operations such as brain tumour removal and brain haemorrhage removal.
Other high-risk operations
In addition to the types of surgery mentioned above, there are other high-risk operations that recommend the preventive use of antibiotics. 1. Eye surgery: Due to the unique and fragile eye structure, if infected, it can lead to loss of sight or even blindness. Thus, preventive use of antibiotics can reduce the risk of infection in eye operations such as cataract surgery and glaucoma. Oral surgery: Oral surgery is a microbial environment, with a high risk of infection following oral surgery (e.g. extraction, planting of teeth, etc.). Preventive use of antibiotics in these operations is therefore also necessary. 3. Indigestion tract surgery: Indigestion tract surgery (e.g., stomach cancer, colon cancer, etc.) involves the removal of digestive tract mucous membranes and organs and is susceptible to infection. Preventive use of antibiotics reduces the risk of infection after these operations.
VI. NOTES
While the preventive use of antibiotics is important in surgery, not all operations require the preventive use of antibiotics. Doctors should consider the need for antibiotics in the light of such factors as the type of operation, the patient ‘ s condition and the risk of infection. At the same time, the preventive use of antibiotics should be guided by certain principles, such as the choice of the appropriate type of antibiotics, the timing of delivery and the route of delivery.
In addition, patients should pay close attention to the drug response and adverse reactions during the use of antibiotics, if they are not adapted to timely medical treatment. At the same time, patients should keep their wounds clean and dry to avoid infection.
In the light of the above, the preventive use of antibiotics is important in operations, especially in local incisions, implantation, organ transplants, intracranial and other high-risk operations. However, programmes for the specific use of antibiotics should be considered and developed by doctors in the light of the patient ‘ s specific circumstances and type of operation.
