As an integral part of modern medicine, anaesthesia plays an important role in ensuring the smooth operation and alleviating the suffering of patients. From anaesthesia induced to anaesthesia resuscitation, the process requires close cooperation and careful management by an anaesthesiologist, surgeon and nurse. Next, we will look at the process of anaesthesia and its recovery.
First, there is a series of preparatory work to be completed before anaesthesia is performed to ensure the safety of the patient and the smooth operation.
1. Patient assessment: An anesthetists conduct a comprehensive physical assessment of the patient, with a view to developing a personalized anaesthesia programme, with an understanding of the patient ‘ s state of health, past medical history, allergies, etc.
2. Signing of the informed consent: Before anaesthesia, the patient is required to sign the informed consent to anaesthesia, specifying the method of anaesthesia, the risks and the rights and obligations of both the patient and the patient.
3. Water fasting: the patient is usually required to fast 8 ~ 12 hours before the operation,
Water is banned for four hours to prevent vomiting and misuse during the operation. 4. Establishment of an intravenous route: the establishment of an intravenous route on the arm or back of the patient for the delivery of medicine and fluid. Emotional stability: to reduce the stress of the patient through psychological peace and to ensure that he/she maintains a calm mind during the anaesthesia process.
Anaesthesia induction Anesthesia induction refers to the rapid transition from a state of consciousness to an unconscious, painless state. This process requires close cooperation between anaesthetists and nurses to ensure the safety of patients.
1. Inducing methods: Inhalation induction: Vulcanizing anaesthesia dripping on the gauze, inhaling the patient, or giving an anaesthesia through a mask, gradually increasing the concentration and loss of consciousness. (b) Intravenous induction: The patient is given oxygen or deep breath, followed by intravenous anaesthesia, such as sedatives, painkillers and myophate, and a bronchial intubation after the patient has lost consciousness. (b) Silicon complex induction: Inducing both veins and inhalation to accelerate induction and reduce drug use.
2. Monitoring vital signs: During induction, an anesthesiologist closely monitors vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and so forth to ensure the safety of the patient.
Maintenance of anaesthesia means the period between the disappearance of the patient’s consciousness and the end of the operation or examination and the cessation of the addition of anaesthesia to the body. The main task at this stage is to maintain an adequate level of anaesthesia to meet the requirements of the operation.
1. Method of delivery: The anesthetist will continue to provide anaesthesia to the patient by means of an vein or inhalation, as required by the operation.
2. Vital signs monitoring: Anesthetists continuously monitor vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, etc., and adjust the use of anaesthesia to ensure the safety of patients, as required.
3. Treatment of complications: During the maintenance period of anaesthesia, there may be complications such as low blood pressure, cardiac disorders and respiratory inhibition, and an anaesthetists need to detect and treat in a timely manner to ensure that the operation is carried out smoothly.
Anaesthesia recovery is the period between the cessation of the whole body of anaesthesia and the complete restoration of the patient’s consciousness. This stage requires close observation by an anaesthetologist in an anaesthesia recovery room to ensure the safety of the patient.
1. Drug metabolism and excretion: After the operation, the concentration of narcotic drugs in the body is gradually reduced and eventually removed from the body by metabolism and excretion of organs such as the liver and kidney. 2. Rehabilitation of consciousness: With the metabolism and release of narcotic drugs, the awareness of the patient is gradually restored. Medical personnel need to closely observe the patient ‘ s state of consciousness and ensure that he/she is able to awaken from an anaesthesia.
Respiratory respiration: The respiratory function of the patient has also gradually recovered as anaesthesia resuscitation. Medical personnel need to pay attention to indicators such as the patient ‘ s respiratory frequency, respiratory depth and blood oxygen saturation to ensure that the patient ‘ s respiratory function is normal. When the patient’s respiratory function is restored, the anesthetist removes the catheter.
4. Restoring muscle strength: As the narcotic drugs recede, the muscle strength of the patient gradually recovers. Medical personnel need to help patients with simple activities, such as turning over, sitting up, etc., to facilitate the recovery of muscle function.
5. Pain management: During anaesthesia recovery, an anaesthetologist selects the appropriate means of sedation, such as a pain pump or regional nervous retardation, depending on the pain level of the patient and the area of surgery, to alleviate the pain of the patient.
The recovery phase of anaesthesia is an important safeguard for the success of the operation, the importance of which is reflected in the following:
1. Safeguarding patient ‘ s life: In the process of anaesthesia recovery, medical personnel need to closely monitor the patient ‘ s vital signs, detect and address anomalies in a timely manner and ensure the patient ‘ s life safety.
2. Promotion of post-operative recovery: the successful implementation of the anaesthesia recovery phase will help the patient to recover after the surgery. In the recovery process, the respiratory, circulatory and other system functions of the patient have gradually returned to normal, laying the foundation for post-operative rehabilitation.
3. Prevention of complications: In the process of anaesthesia recovery, health-care personnel need to take care of the risk of complications and take appropriate preventive measures to reduce the incidence of complications. In short, anaesthesia and anaesthesia recovery is a complex and fine process that requires close cooperation and careful management by an anaesthetologist, surgeon and nurse. Each step from pre-aesthesia preparation to anaesthesia induction, maintenance and recovery period requires rigorous operation and close monitoring to ensure the patient ‘ s safety and smooth operation.
