Breast cancer, a terrible disease that looms dark over countless women, is gradually becoming preventable with the development of modern medicine. Breast cancer screening is a critical link in the fight against this malignant neoplasm and is essential for early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
In terms of the significance of screening, early breast cancer often has no visible symptoms or signs. Many patients may have developed to a certain stage when they find abnormal conditions such as breast swelling and breast-leaving. By screening, early breast cancer can be detected among the non-symptomatic female population, at a time when tumours are small and are more conducive to less traumatic forms of treatment, such as breast-feeding surgery, which greatly improves the survival and quality of life of patients. At the same time, it also reduces the physical and psychological suffering and financial burden of treatment.
At present, the methods of screening for breast cancer, which are commonly used in clinical practice, are varied. Self-censorship of the breast is an easy and initial form of screening. Women can check their breasts through visits and visits about a week after the end of their monthly period. At the time of the visit, the size, shape and symmetry of the breasts on both sides, the presence of dents in the nipples, spills, redness of the breast skin and changes in the orange skin are to be observed in an environment of sufficient light. The contact is tied to the bed, with the fingertips pressing the various areas of the breast in order to check for swelling. Although this method does not identify breast cancer, it allows women to become familiar with their breast ‘ s normal state and to detect anomalies in a timely manner.
Clinical breast examinations are also an important part of the screening. They are examined by professional doctors, who have extensive experience and expertise. The doctor assesses the breast more thoroughly and accurately at the time of examination, including the swollen lymph nodes of the armpit. Doctors are more likely to detect minor anomalies that may be missing from self-examination.
The mammogram is a classic means of visual screening. It takes pictures of the breast at low doses of X-rays, which clearly show changes in calcified stoves, swelling blocks, etc. within the breast. For women over 40 years of age, mammograms are more accurate. In particular, early breast cancer, which is dominated by calcification, has unique diagnostic value. However, there are limitations to mammograms, such as for young women and for women with breast indensity, the effects of diagnosis may be affected.
Breast ultrasound is a widely used and uniquely advantageous screening method. It uses the reflection principles of ultrasound to map breast tissue. Ultrasound can clearly tell whether mammograms are cystic or physical, and have a better indication of membrane tissues that are difficult to penetrate during mammograms. In addition, ultrasound is free of radiation and suitable for breast cancer screening for special groups such as young women and pregnant women.
MRI is a more advanced inspection technique. It is very sensitive to soft tissues and can detect minor pathologies, and the breast is used as a supplementary screening tool for high-risk groups such as women with a history of breast cancer and genetic mutations associated with breast cancer. However, MRI has a high cost and long duration of examinations, and there may be cases of overdiagnosis in cases of benign pathologies.
For breast cancer screening strategies, it is generally recommended that women start mammograms every month from age 20. Women aged 20 – 39 undergo a clinical examination every 1-3 years. Women aged 40-49 years undergo an annual mammogram examination, which combines clinical and breast ultrasound examinations. Females aged 50 and over are given an annual mammogram and clinical examination, which can be selected for breast ultrasound. For high-risk populations, the frequency of screening and the selection of more sensitive screening methods need to be increased, as appropriate, under the guidance of a doctor.
In short, breast cancer screening is a race against time. The proper application of a variety of screening methods allows women to better guard their breast health, to strangle breast cancer as a “demon” in the cradle and to protect their healthy lives.
