With regard to breast cancer, which is one of the most prevalent malignant tumours in the world today, it can be significantly reduced by effective means of prevention.
I. Preventive measures
1. Healthy and reasonable lifestyle:
– To balance diet: to increase the intake of appropriate quantities of vegetables, fruits and grains and to minimize the intake of high fat, high-heat foods and alcoholic beverages. Studies have shown that the risk of breast cancer can be reduced by eating more of the cross-flower vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage.
– Maintaining the right amount of exercise: by maintaining a per week of a modest strength of 150 minutes or more, similar to walking, jogging or swimming, it helps to maintain healthy weight and improve body immunity, thereby reducing the risk of disease.
– Prohibition of smoking and drinking: smoking and overdrinking are risk factors for breast cancer, and the prevention of breast cancer is facilitated by the cessation of smoking and the avoidance of overdrinking.
2. Avoidance of risk factors:
– Reduction of hormonal exposure: the long-term use of estrogen-containing health products or contraceptives may increase the risk of disease and, if not necessary, should be avoided. The need for estrogen substitution treatment for women is strictly assessed and directed by doctors.
– Controlling fertility factors: Avoiding, as far as possible, births at an advanced age (35 years and over), and not giving birth to children or breastfeeding for too short periods. Maternity and lactation are protective of the breast, which allows mammogram cells to mature and reduces the chance of cancer.
3. Periodic medical screening:
– Self-censorship: a woman is required to perform a breast self-censorship once a month, suitable for 7-10 days after the end of her period. The examination was conducted to see whether the appearance of the breast had changed, e.g., insulation of the skin, embezzling of the nipples or spilling of fluid, and then to point the abdomen to the areas of the breast and to feel the swelling.
– Clinical examinations: Women aged 20-39 undergo a clinical mammogram every three years; women aged 40 and over conduct a joint mammogram X-line examination every year; high-risk groups (e.g., if they have a family history of breast cancer, carry a specific genetic mutation, etc.) can start the screening and increase the frequency, as appropriate, of the mammogram (MRI).
Treatment
1. Surgery:
– Breast cancer improvement root therapy: the removal of breast and armpit lymphoma is a more common method of surgery and applies to most breast cancer patients.
– Breast-painting: removal of tumours and part of their normal tissue, preservation of breast appearance, joint after-surgery. This applies to cases where the tumour is small, suitable and the patient has the wish to breastfeed.
– Sentry lymphomy: the lymphomy of upper limb lymphoma can be reduced by testing the lymphocyte lymphocytes for cancer transfer.
Radiotherapy: The use of high-energy rays to destroy the DNA of cancer cells and inhibit their growth and reproduction. Post-operative assisted treatment can reduce the risk of local recurrence; it can also be used to reduce the size of the tumour before the operation and to increase the rate of surgical removal; for patients with late-stage breast cancer, pain can be alleviated, tumour progress can be controlled, etc.
3. Chemical treatment: Use of chemotherapy to kill or prevent the growth of cancer cells. Auxiliary chemotherapy can eliminate cancer cells that may remain after surgery and reduce the risk of relapse transfer; new assisted chemotherapy can be used before surgery to reduce tumours, facilitate surgical removal and understanding the sensitivity of tumours to chemotherapy drugs; and for late-stage patients, chemotherapy can mitigate symptoms and prolong life. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs are violet alcohol, polysoplasm, etc.
4. Endocrine treatment: for breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor (ER) and/or pregnancy hormone receptor (PR) positive. The growth of tumour cells is inhibited by the use of drugs (e.g., mosifine, curvature, etc.) to disrupt estrogen or reduce estrogen levels. Treatment usually lasts longer, 5-10 years.
5. Target-oriented treatment: works on specific target points for tumour cells. For example, HeR-2 positive breast cancer can be used as a target-oriented drug, such as tratophos, with precision attacks on cancer cells, with significant and relatively small side effects, often combined with or after chemotherapy.
Immunotherapy: Combat tumour cells by activation of their own immune system. For example, some of the drugs such as the Pablo Monopoly have some prospect of being used in some of the late-stage breast cancer treatments, which enhances the ability of the organism to detect and kill cancer cells, but they are still being explored and refined.
In general, the prevention and treatment of breast cancer requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach, and women need to be more aware of their health and active in prevention and early detection, diagnosis and treatment in order to improve the cure rate and quality of life.
