Cardiac failure caused by myocardial infarction, myocardial disease, excessive blood flow mechanics, inflammation, etc. caused by any of the causes, caused changes in myocardial muscle structure and function, and eventually resulted in lower blood pump or excess function. Clinical evidence is mainly respiratory difficulties, inefficiency and fluid retention. Chronic cardiac failure (CHF) is a persistent state of heart failure that can be stabilized, deteriorated or irresistible. The goal of treating heart failure is not only to improve symptoms and improve the quality of life, but also to address the mechanisms of myocardial re-engineering, to slow down the development of myocardial re-engineering and to reduce the hospitalization and mortality rates of heart failure.
Causes
The majority of patients have a history of heart disease, and treatment of the disease will significantly improve the prospects for heart failure. Coronary heart disease, hypertension and geriatric degenerative cardiac valve disease are the main causes of cardiac failure in old age; diseases such as rheumatism, expansionary cardiac disease and acute serious myocarditis are the main causes of heart failure in young people. The active re-establishment of blood circulation can prevent the development and deterioration of heart failure because of coronary heart disease; the control of blood pressure because of high blood pressure is extremely important because of scalability (or a normal blood fraction); otherwise, it can induce acute heart failure.
Clinical performance
Symptoms of reduced motor endurance
The majority of heart failure patients are treated because of respiratory difficulties or lack of physical endurance, which can occur during rest or exercise. The same patient may be suffering from a variety of diseases, and it is therefore difficult to explain the exact reason for the decline in motor tolerance.
2. Symptoms of body fluid retention
Patients may suffer from abdominal or leg oedema and are treated as a primary or sole symptom, and motor tolerance damage is gradual and may not attract the patient ‘ s attention unless a careful inquiry is made into changes in daily life capacity.
3. Symptoms caused by no symptoms or other heart or non-heart diseases
Patients may find cardiac expansion or incomplete cardiac performance when examining other diseases (e.g. acute myocardial infarction, heart disorder, or pulmonary or cardiac embolism).
Treatment
The treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) has shifted from short-term blood flow mechanics/pharmacology measures such as urine, strong heart and blood vessels to long-term, restorative strategies based on neuroendocrine inhibitors, with the aim of changing the biological nature of heart failure.
1. Patient treatment
Control of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and the use of anti-sculpable tablets and cardiac disease to prevent second stage of coronary heart disease;
2. Improving symptoms
Adjusting the use of urea, nitrate and strong heart agents to the condition;
3. Correct use of neuroendocrine inhibitors
Increase from a small dose to a target dose or the maximum patient can withstand.
4. Monitoring of drug response:
(1) The sodium sodium diaphragm savers can gradually reduce the dose of urea or small doses to sustain the treatment, which is difficult to completely stop at an early stage. Daily body weight changes are reliable indicators for detecting the effects of urea and adjusting doses, with early detection of body fluid retention. For urea treatment, sodium salt intake (<3g/d) should be limited.
(2) Patients who use a positive muscle drug may be released from hospital and converted to geo-hosin, which is prone to increased heart failure due to repeated heart failure. In the case of anorexia, nausea and vomiting, the geo-synthetic concentrations should be measured or a test stoppage should be observed.
(3) ACEI (or ARB) increases the level of blood pressure, acetic anhydride and potassium haematoma every 1 to 2 weeks, and should be discontinued if there is a significant increase in blood acetic anhydride [>265.2 mmol/L (3mg/dl)], high potassium haemorrhage (>5.5 mol/L) or symptomatic low blood pressure (repressure <90 mmHg).
(4) The dose of β-receptor retardant can be increased gradually if the condition is stable, the inorganic fluid is ingested and the heart rate is 60 times/minute, and reduced if the heart rate is <55/min or is accompanied by dizziness.
5. Frequency of monitoring
Patients should be self-weighted, blood pressure, heart rate and registered on a daily basis. Upon discharge, a fortnightly visit is conducted to observe symptoms, signs and re-examine blood biochemicals and to adjust the types and doses of drugs. Once the condition has stabilized for three months and the best dose of the drug has been reached, it is repeated once a month.
Prevention
The treatment of chronic heart failure must rely on the cooperation of the patient, whose education helps to increase the dependence of treatment.
1. To understand the aims and objectives of treatment, to make regular visits and to comply with medical prescriptions.
2. Knowledge of the basics of heart failure gives rise to rapid increases in body weight, re-emergence or intensification of lower limbs, increased fatigue, reduced motor tolerance, acceleration of heart rate (15 – 20 times) or excessive (55 times/minutes) of silentness, reduction or increase of blood pressure (>130/80 mmHg) and poor heart.
3. Knowledge of essential drug use methods, including urea, adjusted to the condition.
4. Daily weight measurements and records, salt, water limitation (day liquid < 2L), alcohol limitation and smoking cessation. Cardiac disease should stop drinking. Avoid overwork and stress such as physical activity, emotional and psychological stress. Appropriate exercise, 30 minutes per day on foot, 5-6 days per week, with incremental increases. Avoid all kinds of infection. Drug abuse, such as inflammation drugs, hormones, anti-heart disorders, etc., is prohibited.
