The juvenile rheumatism arthritis (JRA) is a chronic self-immunological disease common in childhood, with clinical symptoms unique and somewhat different from human rheumatism, which has a significant impact on the growth and quality of life of infected children.
The whole-body JRA is a more specific type, with high-heat induction symptoms, a constant temperature of 39°C or higher, and a continuous or overstretched fever, with a temperature temperature of more than 2°C in one day. During a fever, children are often accompanied by characteristic rashes, manifested in light red rashes of varying sizes, which can be spread all over the body, in particular with torso and limbs. The rash usually appears or recedes with warmer temperatures, and the heat rash is typical. In addition, the whole-body JRA can be exhausting and multisystems, such as hepatic spleen swelling and lymphoma concussion are more common, and some children may suffer from musculitis, such as cardiac encephalitis and pleural dysentery, which can be characterized by chest pain and respiratory difficulties. Symptoms of joints may be relatively less visible in the early stages of the disease, but as the disease progresses, most of the children are gradually burdened with joints, mainly large joints such as knees, wrists and ankles, in the form of joint pain, swelling and restricted activity.
The main characteristic of JRA is that there are multiple joints, usually in five or more. Common arteries include fingers, wrists, knees, ankles, etc. and are symmetrically distributed. Arthritis occurs in the form of joint pain, swelling, pressure pain and movement disorders, which, as the condition evolves, can be deformed, e.g., a mischievous goose neck of the finger, slanting of the ruler, etc., which seriously affects the fine movement of the hand and the function of the joint. This type of disease has a relatively high rate of positive rheumatism (RF) and some of them may be associated with all-body symptoms such as low heat, lack of strength and lack of appetite. The chronic inflammation of the disease can have a negative impact on the growth and development of the patient, leading to slow growth and abnormal bone development.
The small joint type JRA is characterized by a small number of joints, which are usually exhausted with four or fewer joints, often violating large joints, such as knee joints, hips, ankles, etc., and mostly asymmetrical distribution. Some of the cases may be accompanied by iris hysteria, an important characteristic of the less joint JRA. Mesopitis can cause eye pain, fear, loss of sight, etc. If not detected and treated in a timely manner, it can cause serious eye complications such as iris mucous, cataracts, glaucoma and even blindness. Young joints have relatively light overall symptoms for children with JRA, but long-term joint disorders can also lead to joint functional and physical disabilities.
The clinical symptoms of rheumatism among adolescents are diverse, with whole-body forms characterized by high heat, rashes and other overall symptoms, with multiple joints mainly symmetrical inflammations and malformations, while the smaller joints are marked by a small number of arteries and eye complications. Early and accurate diagnosis, timely regulation of treatment is essential to control the progress of the disease, reduce the occurrence of joint injuries and complications, and ensure the normal growth and development of the child. Paediatricians and rheumatologists should give high priority to JRA ‘ s clinical characteristics, improve the level of diagnosis of the disease, provide individualized comprehensive treatment programmes for children and improve their prognosis.
