The care of diabetes patients is a comprehensive health management process aimed at helping patients to effectively control blood sugar levels, prevent complications and improve the quality of life. The following are the highlights of care for diabetes patients:
Day-to-day monitoring and recording of blood sugar monitoring: direct patients to regular use of blood sugar for self-monitoring, understanding of blood sugar fluctuations, and adjustment of diet, exercise and medication programmes based on measurements. Log: Patients are encouraged to record daily diets, exercise, blood sugar values and any physical discomfort, so that doctors can assess the effectiveness of treatment and adjust the treatment plan.
II. Food management and balanced diet: Educating patients to follow the diet principles of low sugar, low fat and high fibres and to rationalize intake rates of staple foods, vegetables, fruit, meat and beans. Timed Quantification: To emphasize the importance of regular diets, to avoid diarrhea, and to ensure a proper intake of calories and nutrients per meal. Limiting sugar: Avoiding high sugar beverages, desserts and processed foods, reducing sugar intake and preventing a sharp rise in blood sugar.
III. Preparation of sports therapy programmes: Individualized sports programmes such as walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, etc., based on the patient ‘ s physical condition and preferences. Moderate exercise: Encourage regular and moderate aerobic activity for at least 150 minutes per week, which helps to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood sugar. Be safe: Pre-sport screening of blood sugar to avoid intense exercise when the blood sugar is too low or too high, carrying candy or sugary beverages to prevent low blood sugar. Drug treatment complies with medical prescriptions: To educate patients to strictly follow medical orders to take sugar-relief drugs or inject insulin, and not to reduce or replace drugs at random. Drug literacy: know the name, dosage, use and possible side effects of the drug used, and consult a doctor in a timely manner if this is not appropriate. Insulin management: For insulin-using patients, the correct injection techniques, storage methods and rotation of injection sites are directed to avoid local rigidity and infection.
Psychological support and educational psychotherapy: Diabetes patients often face psychological stress, and psychological counselling should be provided to help them build a positive mindset to meet the challenges posed by the disease. Health education: Regular organization of diabetes-related lectures or group activities to enhance patients ‘ self-management capacity and awareness of the disease. Family support: Encourage family members to participate in patient care, provide emotional support and supervision, and work together to create a good living environment.
Periodic screening for complication prevention and screening: periodic eye examination, foot examination, kidney function, etc. to detect and address potential complications in a timely manner. Foot care: Educating patients to keep their feet clean and dry, to avoid walking barefoot, to choose suitable footwear and to prevent diabetes. Cardiovascular health: Attention is given to blood pressure, blood resin levels and, if necessary, appropriate measures are taken to control the risk of cardiovascular disease. In the light of the above, the care of diabetics is a long and detailed process that requires the joint efforts of patients, their families and the medical team to improve the quality of life of patients through integrated management and effective control of blood sugar.
References:
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