What is a pulmonary nodule? What is a pulmonary nodule? First of all, lung nodules must grow in the lung. The lung is divided into the left lung and the right lung in our chest, which is our respiratory organ. In medicine, we call the lesions less than 3 cm in the lung found in CT examination as pulmonary nodules, and those larger than 3 cm as masses. As people pay more attention to health examination, more and more people find themselves suffering from lung nodules. Most people are very anxious at the beginning, asking friends and checking Baidu. In fact, we need not be too anxious. There are many causes of lung nodules, such as inflammation, tuberculosis, fungi, lung cancer and so on. 2. We often see ground-glass nodules and solid nodules in the physical examination report. What do they represent respectively? Pulmonary nodules are divided into solid nodules and sub-solid nodules. Solid nodules generally refer to soft tissue and calcified nodules with high density and no ground-glass component; Subsolid nodules are divided into mixed ground-glass nodules and pure ground-glass nodules, which are also the two types of nodules that people pay more attention to in physical examination. The ground-glass is the same as the ground-glass we usually see. Through the ground-glass, we can also see the shadow of pulmonary vessels behind. Whether it is pulmonary solid nodules or ground-glass nodules, there are many factors for their formation, so we need to analyze and treat them concretely. 3. What is early lung cancer? What are the stages of lung cancer? In medicine and clinic, TNM staging and clinical staging of lung cancer are usually based on tumor size, lymph node and distant metastasis. TNM stands for the first letter of Tumor, Node and Metastasis respectively. Clinical staging is mainly divided into four stages according to TNM. Including stage I, II, III and IV. Early lung cancer generally refers to lung cancer without local invasion and metastasis, which can be cured by surgical resection and does not require adjuvant treatment after operation. In the late stage, most of them have metastasis, which requires multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment. 4. Are pulmonary nodules early lung cancer? Lung nodules are mostly benign (> 95%), and only about 5% of lung nodules are considered malignant, which is what we worry about early lung cancer. At the same time, we also need to know that the development of lung cancer is not a matter of a moment, but from normal cells-precancerous lesions-in situ cancer-micro-invasive cancer-invasive cancer-metastasis, lung cancer has gone through different stages, that is, we often hear of early, middle and late stages, so we should pay attention to regular physical examination.
If it is a solid nodule, consider inflammation, or pure ground-glass nodule, consider precancerous lesions, such as adenocarcinoma in situ or adenomatoid atypical hyperplasia, we can follow up annually; if it is a solid nodule or subsolid nodule, we consider malignancy, such as mucinous adenocarcinoma or microinvasive, invasive adenocarcinoma, which also needs further treatment. At the same time, if there is a history of malignant tumors in the past, it is necessary to further exclude whether it is metastasis. There are certain reasons for the occurrence of pulmonary nodules, but we can prevent and avoid some subjective factors in our life. The first thing we need to do is not to smoke, or avoid inhaling second-hand smoke. Smoking is still the most important factor leading to lung cancer. Compared with non-smokers, the probability of lung cancer in smokers is 9-10 times higher, and that in heavy smokers is 10-25 times higher. After 15 years of quitting smoking, the morbidity risk of lung cancer can be reduced to the same level as that of normal people. Therefore, we must pay attention to the harm caused by smoking. There are engaged in high-risk occupations, such as cooks, paint, heavy metals, dust occupation, pay attention to do a good job of protection, they are more likely to get lung nodules; some patients with underlying diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a family history of lung cancer, the age of more than 55 years old can be regular physical examination, and like to exercise friends try not to exercise in the haze.
In short, the treatment of lung cancer has undergone tremendous changes compared with the past, and more and more patients with advanced lung cancer can survive for a longer time through appropriate treatment. At the same time, our department has also carried out a lot of international and national multi-center clinical research, which is completely free for patients to examine and treat, and has achieved good clinical treatment results.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis Pulmonary nodules
