Do you need to be excised for thyroid gland?

Thyroids are abnormal growth of the thyroid material, which can be single or multiple. In adults, hypersonic examinations revealed a high rate of 40-60 per cent for thyroid glands. However, not all thyroid glands need to be removed. The need for surgically excised thyroid glands depends on a number of factors, which are discussed in detail below.Assessment of thyroid glandBefore deciding whether to remove the thyroid glands, doctors conduct a series of assessments, including:Medical history and medical examination: to find out if the patient has symptoms of thyroid abnormalities, such as difficulty of swallowing, noise and breathing.Ultrasound: The size, morphology, boundary, internal echoes and the presence of calcification are judged by ultrasound.Thyroid function test: Blood examination of thyroid hormone levels to assess thyroid function.Fine needle piercing (FNA): For certain knots, cytological examinations may be required to determine if there has been any malformation.Surgery signs.The thyroid gland may need to be removed if:It is suspected or diagnosed with thyroid cancer: if a needle piercing is likely to be malignant, a surgical removal is usually required.Obsolete symptoms of oppression are due to excessive knots: if they are larger, they lead to cervical stress symptoms such as breathing difficulties, swallowing difficulties, and require surgery to alleviate the symptoms.The thyroid hyperactivity: The thyroid hyperactivity caused by the knot may require surgery if the medication is ineffective.Aesthetic problems: If the knot causes a marked swelling of the neck and affects the appearance, the patient can choose the procedure.Surgery optionsThe procedure includes:Thyroid partial removal: only the thyroid part containing the knot is removed.Thyroid hysterectomy: Most thyroid is removed and a small part is retained.Thyroid hysterectomy: whole thyroid hysterectomy.lymphocyte hysterectomy: If thyroid cancer is diagnosed, lymphomy may be required.Consideration of non-surgery treatmentIn some cases, thyroid glands do not require immediate surgery and the following non-surgery treatments may be considered:Observation waiting: For small, non-symptomatic, cytologically benign knots, periodic monitoring is optional.Drug treatment: For functional thyroid glands, the thyroid function can be controlled by drug therapy.Radioioiodine treatment: Radioiodine treatment is available for certain functional hyperthyroids.Surgery risks and complicationsThere are also risks and possible complications associated with the surgical removal of thyroid glands, including:Sound change: The operation may damage the larynx to the nerve, resulting in a muted voice.Low calcium haemorrhagic: The operation may cause thyroid damage, resulting in a decrease in calcium hematoma.Hemorrhage and infection: Post-operative haemorrhage and infection are potential risks.Thyroid functional decline: After the removal of the thyroid, the patient may need to take the thyroid hormone replacement for life.ConclusionsThe removal of thyroid glands requires a combination of the size, nature, function, symptoms of the patient, age, state of health and personal wishes of the patient. Before deciding whether to perform the operation, the patient should communicate fully with the doctor about all available treatment options and the respective advantages and disadvantages. Normally, surgical treatment is considered only when suspected or diagnosed as malignant, causing symptoms of oppression, thyroid hyperactivity and the ineffectiveness of medication. For most non-symptomatic, cytologically benign knots, observation and regular monitoring are optional.