Primary peritoneal carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor originating from the peritoneum. Its etiology is complex, involving environmental, biological and genetic factors. Early detection and scientific treatment are the key to improve the survival rate of patients.
The etiology of
primary peritoneal cancer involves many aspects. Among them, environmental factors include prolonged exposure to specific chemicals or radioactive substances; biological factors such as long-term chronic inflammation or infection may also trigger cancer. In addition, genetic factors can not be ignored, and individuals with a history of related cancers in their families are at higher risk. The onset of the disease is insidious, and the time from feeling uncomfortable to seeing a doctor varies from a few days to several months. Early manifestations are mostly non-specific, such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension or dyspepsia; in the middle stage, abdominal mass, constipation or dysuria may occur; in the late stage, ascites, significant weight loss and persistent pain are the main manifestations. The amount of ascites is generally more than that of ovarian cancer patients and increases rapidly. Anemia, intestinal obstruction and uncontrollable ascites may occur in the elderly. Laboratory tests include the detection of tumor markers, such as elevated CA125 levels, and imaging tests, such as CT and MRI, can provide detailed abdominal images to help identify lesions and their extent. In addition, laparoscopy and biopsy are the key means to confirm the diagnosis, which can further analyze the type of cancer cells.
The treatment of
primary peritoneal cancer mainly includes surgical treatment, chemotherapy and so on. Surgical treatment is the first choice to minimize the tumor burden by removing cancerous tissues and organs that may metastasize. The scope of surgery includes the whole uterus, double appendages, greater omentum, appendix and tumor resection. The operation should strive to achieve satisfactory cytoreductive surgery as far as possible, so that there are no visible residual lesions in the pelvic and abdominal cavity at the end of the operation. Postoperative chemotherapy is often needed as an adjuvant therapy to kill residual cancer cells and prevent recurrence. Postoperative chemotherapy drugs are mainly platinum-based drugs, such as intravenous chemotherapy, intraperitoneal chemotherapy and combined intravenous and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. In addition, intraperitoneal radioactive colloid therapy also has good curative effect, but it is not easy to be popularized because of its serious complications such as puncture into the intestine by mistake and injection into the adhesion wrapping cavity.
Psychological and social support measures are also important
for patients with primary peritoneal cancer. First of all, dietary management should pay attention to high-protein, low-fat, high-fiber diet structure, in order to enhance immune function and improve the state of the digestive system. Secondly, medication management should strictly follow the medical supervision, take medicine regularly and quantitatively to improve the therapeutic effect; family members should help patients record medication and remind them to take medicine on time. At the same time, the psychological management of patients can not be ignored. Faced with the disease, patients may have anxiety, depression and other emotions, family members should give more care and understanding, timely accompany patients to participate in psychological counseling or support groups, encourage patients to participate in social activities appropriately, alleviate loneliness. By participating in the activities of these organizations, patients and families can receive helpful information and emotional support to enhance their confidence in fighting the disease.
To sum up, a comprehensive understanding of the etiology, symptoms and detection methods of primary peritoneal cancer is helpful for early diagnosis and timely treatment. Comprehensive treatment such as surgery and chemotherapy, combined with reasonable lifestyle adjustment and psychological support, can prolong the survival time of patients and improve their quality of life.
Malignant neoplasm of peritoneum Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma
