Status and progress in the treatment of traumatic infections

Trauma infections are common post-traumatic complications, which, if not treated in a timely and effective manner, can lead to serious consequences, such as delays in healing the wounds, the formation of bruises and even the onset of whole-body infections. This paper elaborates on the common pathogens and their characteristics of traumatic infections, including yellow and yellow fungus, skin fungus, streptococcus, coliformella, etc. The current treatment of trauma infections is summarized in terms of both local and body-based treatments, which cover the application of wound creation, washing, diversion and new dressings; the whole-body treatment includes the rational use of antibiotics, immuno-modification, etc. In addition, emerging treatment technologies such as anti-pressure wound treatment, high-pressure oxygen treatment, antibacterium and stem cell treatment were explored for use in the treatment of traumatic infections, with the aim of providing clinical doctors with a comprehensive reference to the treatment of traumatic infections in order to facilitate the development and implementation of more scientific and effective treatment strategies.There is a wide variety of pathogen infections, depending on the type of injury, the environment in which the injuries occurred. Common pathogens include, inter alia, gland positive fungus such as yellow, skin-skinned fungus, gland cactus such as coliform, copper green fake cystella and streptococcus. Pneumococcus is one of the major pathogens that causes traumatic infections. It is highly pathogenic, produces multiple toxins and enzymes, leads to severe local inflammations, is susceptible to abscess, and is resistant to a variety of antibiotics, such as the presence of methoxysilin and yellow fungi (MRSA). Knowledge of common pathogens and their characteristics of traumatic infections is important guidance for rational choice of treatment and antibiotics.Treatment of injuries1. CreativeCreativity is the foundation for the treatment of traumatic infections, reducing the breeding and breeding environment of pathogens by removing the alien, degenerative and defunct tissue from the wound. In the process of creation, the principle of complete creation but, to the extent possible, the preservation of healthy organizations should be observed. For fresh wounds, a fresh start should be made as soon as possible, usually with the best effect within 6-8 hours of the injury. In the case of highly contaminated and long-term wounds, the start-up time may be extended, as appropriate, depending on the circumstances, but as much as possible must be removed from the dead tissue. After being created, a large amount of physico-saline water is required to wash the wound to further remove the remaining bacteria and impurities.2. LeadFor wounds with visible sepsis or secretions, full diversion is critical. The mode of diversion includes the placement of the bar, the tube, etc. Traditional gauze-leading strips can adsorb the circulants of the wound, but are periodically replaced, which may increase the risk of suffering and re-infection. At present, new types of fluids, such as negative-pressure-direction devices, are widely used to attract continuous negative pressure, which allows for the timely removal of seepages in the wound, degenerative tissues and bacteria, the promotion of blood circulation and tissue restoration of the wound bed and the reduction of the time frame for healing.3. Applications of new dressingsWith the development of material science, a variety of new dressings are used for the treatment of traumatic infections. Like silver ion dressing, the silver ion has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity, which effectively inhibits the growth and reproduction of many pathogens and is persistent. Algalate dressing can absorb a large amount of wound seepage fluids, form gel material, provide a wet environment for healing the wound, and promote the growth of the sprout tissue, with a certain stoppage effect. Foam dressing has good aerobic and absorbent properties that reduce skin impregnation around the wound and reduce the risk of infection. Hydraulic dressings facilitate the transport of upper skin cells and are suitable for treatment of shallow wounds. These new dressings can be selected according to the different stages and characteristics of the wound in order to improve the treatment.Antibiotic treatmentAntibiotics are one of the essential drugs for treating traumatic infections, but they need to be used rationally to avoid drug resistance and adverse drug responses. Before using antibiotics, where possible, bacterial development and drug sensitivity testing of wound secretions should be conducted, with sensitive antibiotics selected according to pathogen type and drug-sensitive results. For mild infections, oral antibiotic treatment is available; for moderate and severe infections, especially those associated with whole-body symptoms such as fever, cold warfare, etc., intravenous antibiotics are required. In the course of treatment, the type and dose of antibiotics should be adjusted in a timely manner in the light of the patient ‘ s changing condition and the results of the drug-sensitive tests. At the same time, the treatment of antibiotics should be strictly controlled to avoid overuse. In the case of general glycol infections, three to five days of improved symptoms can continue to be used to consolidate the efficacy of treatment if sensitive precipitin antibiotics are used; in the case of MRSA infections, special antibiotics such as vancomicin may be needed, with a course of treatment usually of 7 to 14 days, depending on the patient ‘ s response.5. Immunization regulation treatmentImmunological disorders can be caused by traumatic infections, and immuno-modified treatment helps to restore the body ‘ s immune balance and improve its resilience to infection. For example, immuno-protein can be used for the treatment of some patients with severe traumatic infections associated with a low immune function, and the body’s body’s body’s fluid immune function can be enhanced by supplementing external antibodies. In addition, a number of Chinese medicines with immuno-regulating effects, such as yellow tungsten, party membership, etc., are also being studied and applied, which can facilitate the healing of wounds and the control of infections by regulating the cytological and body fluid immune functions of the body.ConclusionsThe treatment of traumatic infections is a comprehensive process that requires a full understanding of the pathogen characteristics, rational application of local and whole-body treatments and attention to the development of emerging treatment technologies. The application of originality, wound rinsing, diversion and new dressings in local treatments are important, and the use of antibiotics and immunolytic treatments in whole-body treatments is regulated. Emerging treatment techniques, such as anti-pressure wounds, high-pressure oxygen treatment, antibacterium and stem cell treatment, offer new hope and direction for the treatment of traumatic infections. Clinicians should develop individualized treatments based on the patient ‘ s specific circumstances, such as the type of injury, the degree of infection, the type of fungi and the overall condition of the patient, with a view to increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of trauma infections, reducing the occurrence of complications and promoting early recovery of the patient. At the same time, there is a need to further strengthen research on the treatment of external injuries and to continue to explore new treatment methods and techniques to address the growing complexity of traumatic infections.