Bowel cancer
Usually refers to the occurrence of malignant tumors in the colon or rectum, the following is a detailed introduction about intestinal cancer: First, the specific cause of intestinal cancer is not yet clear, may be related to the following factors: 1. * * genetic * *: such as familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, etc. Are the causes of intestinal cancer. 2. Unhealthy lifestyle and obesity may affect hormone levels and immune function, leading to increased inflammatory response, thus inducing tumorigenesis. 3. * * Improper eating habits * *: Most of the areas with high incidence of intestinal cancer are economically developed countries, which is related to the high content of meat, fat and refined carbohydrates in the diet and the lack of refined fiber. Long-term high-fat diet may lead to abnormal bile acid metabolism, which may lead to cholecystitis or cholelithiasis and increase the risk of colon cancer. 4. * * Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract * *: Inflammation such as chronic ulcerative colitis can cause exudation and edema of the intestinal mucosa. Repeated destruction and repair processes can cause fibrous tissue hyperplasia, thickening of the intestinal wall, narrowing of the intestinal lumen, gradual change of epithelial cells, formation of multiple polyps and chronic granuloma, thus causing intestinal cancer. 5. * * Polyps * *: Most intestinal cancers occur on the basis of polyps, and the incidence of rectal polyps increases with age. Symptoms The symptoms of intestinal cancer may include: 1. * * Hematochezia * *: It is one of the common symptoms of intestinal cancer, which may be caused by the ulceration of the surface of intestinal tumors. Blood is red or bright red, and may be dark red in the later stage. Mucous bloody stool or purulent bloody stool mixed with feces may appear on the surface of stool or mixed in stool. 2. * * Changes in defecation habits * *: such as diarrhea, constipation, alternating constipation and diarrhea, as well as irregular defecation frequency, incomplete defecation, tenesmus, etc. 3. * * Changes in stool characteristics * *: The stool discharged may become thin, deformed or irregular in shape, and the surface of the stool may be mixed with mucus, pus and blood, or blood. 4. * * Abdominal mass * *: It usually has a certain hardness, fixed location, irregular shape, and is located in the right lower abdomen or other locations, such as transverse colon or descending colon. 5. * * Weight loss and anemia * *: Because intestinal cancer may affect the patient’s appetite and nutrient absorption, there are often symptoms of weight loss. At the same time, long-term chronic blood loss is one of the main causes of anemia caused by intestinal cancer. 3. The treatment of intestinal cancer includes: 1. * * Surgery * *: It is one of the main methods for the treatment of intestinal cancer, through the appropriate resection of the tumor and surrounding normal tissues, in order to achieve the purpose of complete cure. 2. * * Radiotherapy * *: High-energy radiation is used to destroy DNA molecules of cancer cells, so that cancer cells die or can no longer grow and divide, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment. For patients with early bowel cancer, radiotherapy can help reduce the burden of preoperative or postoperative treatment. 3. * * Chemotherapy * *: The use of drugs to kill cancer cells or prevent their growth in order to achieve therapeutic purposes. Chemotherapy can be used alone or in combination with surgery and radiotherapy to improve the therapeutic effect. 4. Targeted therapy can reduce the damage to normal cells and improve the therapeutic effect by targeting specific proteins or signaling pathways on the surface of cancer cells. 5. * * Immunotherapy * *: Activating the body’s immune system to attack and kill cancer cells can also reduce the damage to normal cells and improve the therapeutic effect. 4. The following measures can be taken to prevent intestinal cancer: 1. * * Increase dietary fiber intake * *: It helps to promote intestinal peristalsis and excretion, and reduce the contact time between carcinogens and colon mucosa. Fiber-rich foods such as oats and sweet potatoes should be added to the daily diet. 2. * * Regular screening * *: Colonoscopy can directly observe the internal conditions of the colon, detect early lesions and treat them in time. An annual colonoscopy is recommended for people over 40 years of age. 3. * * Avoid long-term high-fat diet * *: Promote a balanced diet and reduce the intake of fatty foods such as red meat and butter. 4. * * Quit smoking and limit alcohol * *: Nicotine in tobacco and ethanol in alcohol are carcinogens, which can cause DNA mutations in cells and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. 5. * * Moderate exercise * *: Maintain at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, swimming, etc., to control weight within the normal range. In short, intestinal cancer is a serious malignant tumor, but as long as early detection and early treatment, its five-year survival rate is relatively high. Therefore, people should strengthen the awareness and understanding of intestinal cancer, take active preventive measure, and conduct regular physical examination and screening to reduce the morbidity risk of intestinal cancer.
How the causes of
bowel cancer affect its occurrence:
The etiology of
intestinal cancer is complex and diverse, and these factors play different roles in the occurrence of intestinal cancer, as follows: Genetic factors play an important role in the morbidity of intestinal cancer. Some patients with intestinal cancer have familial aggregation, which may be related to genetic mutations. For example, mutations in genes such as APC and KRAS may lead to the occurrence of intestinal cancer. The incidence of intestinal cancer caused by heredity is more than 20% higher than that of normal people. If there is a history of bowel cancer in the family, regular colonoscopy is recommended for early detection and management of potential risks. Dietary factors and unhealthy eating habits are one of the important causes of intestinal cancer. Long-term intake of high-fat, high-protein and low-fiber foods, as well as excessive harmful substances in pickled, fried and barbecued foods, may increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Some ingredients in these foods may stimulate intestinal mucosa, leading to abnormal cell proliferation, and then form tumors. Therefore, it is suggested to maintain a balanced diet, increase the intake of dietary fiber and reduce the intake of high-fat and high-protein foods. Some intestinal inflammatory diseases and benign tumor lesions may also develop into intestinal cancer. For example, intestinal inflammatory diseases such as chronic ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease may increase the risk of intestinal cancer. In addition, intestinal polyps, especially adenomatous polyps, are one of the precancerous lesions of intestinal cancer. These diseases may lead to chronic inflammation and abnormal cell proliferation of intestinal mucosa in the course of development, and then develop into intestinal cancer. Therefore, active treatment of these intestinal diseases is one of the important measures to prevent intestinal cancer. Poor lifestyle may also increase the risk of bowel cancer. For example, lack of exercise, obesity, smoking and other bad habits may lead to the occurrence of intestinal cancer. Exercise can promote intestinal peristalsis, help the excretion of feces, and reduce the contact time of carcinogens in the intestine and feces. Obesity and smoking may increase the risk of colorectal cancer by affecting hormone levels, immune function and cell metabolism. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including moderate exercise, weight control, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction. Chemical factors and long-term exposure to or ingestion of toxic substances may also lead to the occurrence of intestinal cancer. For example, nitrosamines and other chemicals often appear in fried and baked foods, and long-term intake may increase the risk of intestinal cancer. In addition, long-term exposure to radiation may also cause mutations in tumors. Therefore, in daily life, we should try to avoid exposure to toxic substances and radiation and other potential carcinogenic factors. To sum up, the occurrence of intestinal cancer is the result of a combination of factors. In order to prevent the occurrence of intestinal cancer, people should strengthen the understanding of intestinal cancer and take active preventive measure, including maintaining a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, active treatment of intestinal diseases and regular physical examination and screening.
How to prevent the occurrence of intestinal cancer:
Prevention of intestinal cancer is a comprehensive health management process, involving diet, lifestyle, regular physical examination and other aspects. The following are some specific preventive measure: 1. Adjust the diet structure 1. * * Increase the intake of dietary fiber * *: Dietary fiber helps to promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce the residence time of harmful substances in the intestine, thereby reducing the risk of intestinal cancer. It is recommended to eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains and legumes, which are rich in dietary fiber. 2. * * Reduce the intake of red meat and processed meat * *: Nitrites and secondary amines in red meat and processed meat have potential carcinogenic effects, and long-term high intake may increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Therefore, meat intake should be moderate, and lean meat should be the main choice. 3. * * Avoid high-salt, high-sugar, high-fat diet * *: High-salt, high-sugar, high-fat dietary patterns are closely related to the occurrence of intestinal cancer. The intake of such foods should be reduced and healthy eating habits should be maintained.
2. Improve lifestyle 1. * * Moderate exercise * *: Exercise can promote metabolism, improve the body’s immunity, and help prevent intestinal cancer. It is recommended to do at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise every week, such as brisk walking, swimming, cycling, etc. 2. * * Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption * *: Both smoking and alcohol consumption are risk factors for bowel cancer. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol can reduce the risk of bowel cancer and help improve overall health. 3. * * Weight control * *: Obesity is closely related to the occurrence of intestinal cancer. The risk of bowel cancer can be reduced by controlling weight through reasonable diet and moderate exercise.
3. Regular physical examination and screening 1. * * Fecal occult blood test * *: Regular fecal occult blood test can detect whether there is bleeding in the intestinal tract, which is helpful to detect early intestinal cancer. 2. * * Colonoscopy * *: Colonoscopy is the gold standard for screening for bowel cancer. Colonoscopy can directly observe the internal conditions of the intestinal tract, detect early lesions and deal with them in time. An annual colonoscopy is recommended for people over 40 years of age, and people with a family history of bowel cancer or high-risk factors should start screening earlier.
4. Pay attention to other risk factors 1. * * Avoid long-term exposure to carcinogens * *: Try to avoid exposure to potential carcinogenic factors such as physical factors, chemicals and toxic substances in work and life. 2. * * Active treatment of intestinal diseases * *: Intestinal inflammatory diseases such as chronic ulcerative colitis may increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Therefore, these intestinal diseases should be treated actively to reduce the risk of intestinal cancer. To sum up, the prevention of intestinal cancer needs to start from many aspects, including adjusting diet structure, improving lifestyle, regular physical examination and screening, and paying attention to other risk factors. The implementation of these measures can effectively reduce the risk of intestinal cancer and protect intestinal health.
Lifestyle factors that
increase the risk of bowel cancer include the following:
1. Bad eating habits 1. * * High-fat diet * *: Long-term intake of high-fat foods, especially red meat and processed meat, may increase the burden on the intestinal tract, resulting in slower intestinal peristalsis and longer residence time of harmful substances in the intestinal tract, thus increasing the risk of intestinal cancer. 2. * * Low fiber diet * *: Dietary fiber helps to promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce the residence time of harmful substances in the intestine. Long-term intake of low-fiber foods may slow down intestinal peristalsis, accumulate harmful substances in the intestine, and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. 3. * * Spicy, fried, barbecued and other foods * *: Harmful substances in these foods may stimulate the intestinal mucosa, leading to abnormal cell proliferation, and then the formation of tumors. 2. Lack of exercise may slow down intestinal peristalsis, prolong the stay time of harmful substances in the intestine, and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Moderate exercise can promote intestinal peristalsis and help harmful substances out of the body, thus reducing the risk of intestinal cancer. 3. Bad living habits 1. * * Smoking * *: Harmful substances in tobacco can directly damage intestinal mucosa and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Smoking may also affect the balance of intestinal flora and further increase the risk of intestinal cancer. 2. * * Excessive alcohol consumption * *: Alcohol may indirectly increase the risk of bowel cancer by affecting intestinal flora and metabolic pathways. Long-term excessive drinking may also lead to damage to intestinal mucosa and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. 3. * * Staying up late * *: Staying up late may lead to a decline in the body’s immunity, affect intestinal health, and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. 4. Long-term mental stress may lead to neurological disorders, endocrine disorders, affect intestinal health and increase the risk of intestinal cancer. Therefore, keeping a happy mood and reducing mental stress can help prevent intestinal cancer. To sum up, in order to reduce the risk of intestinal cancer, people should maintain healthy eating habits, moderate intake of dietary fiber, reduce the intake of high-fat, low-fiber food; maintain moderate exercise, promote intestinal peristalsis; avoid smoking, excessive drinking and other bad habits; maintain a happy mood, reduce mental stress. In addition, regular physical examination and screening are also important means to prevent intestinal cancer.
Rectal cancer
