Acute myocardial infarction is a serious cardiovascular disease, which is caused by a sharp reduction or interruption of coronary artery blood, resulting in severe and persistent acute myocardial insemination. Acute myocardial infarction is acute and severe, and life-threatening if not treated in a timely manner. This paper provides you with detailed information on acute myocardial infarction, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
I. Causes
The main cause of acute myocardial infarction is the hardening of coronary porridge. When porridge plaques within the coronary artery are broken, they cause a slab to accumulate and a clot to form, leading to a narrow coronary artery cavity or a complete blockage, thereby disrupting the heart muscles. In addition, coronary artery convulsions, coronary artery embolisms, and a sharp increase in the oxygen consumption of myocardial muscles (e.g., intense motion, emotional agitation, etc.) can induce acute myocardial infarction.
II. Symptoms
The typical symptoms of acute myocardial infarction are chest pain, which is often shown as stressful pain in the back of the chest or in the front of the heart, which can be accompanied by an imminent death and can be radiationed from the left shoulder, left arm, neck, jaw or upper abdomen. Pain usually lasts longer than 30 minutes and is not abated by rest or nitric acid glycerine. In addition to chest pain, patients may suffer from respiratory difficulties, sweating, nausea, vomiting and heart attack. It should be noted that some patients may suffer from unusual symptoms such as tooth pain, abdominal pain, shoulder pain, etc., which can be misdiagnosed or omitted.
Diagnosis
The doctor diagnoses acute myocardial infarction based on the patient ‘ s symptoms, electrocardiograms, myocardial enzymes, etc. An EKG is an important method of diagnosing acute myocardial infarction, typically in the form of an ST section lift or low pressure, a T-wave reverse, etc. Myocardial enzyme examinations include myosterase enzymes (CK-MB), myoglobins, myocardial calcium proteins, etc., which rise after acute myocardial infarction and help to diagnose and assess the condition.
Treatment
The key to the treatment of acute myocardial infarction is to restore myocardial blood injections as soon as possible in order to save near-death myocardials, prevent further infarction and reduce the occurrence of complications. Treatment methods include the following:
Emergency coronary artery intervention (PCI): This is the preferred method currently available for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. The cysts or stairwells are transported by the doctor through the catheters to narrow or blocked parts of the coronary artery, spreading the veins or supporting the vascular wall, so that the blood flow is restored.
2. Solvent treatment: If the patient cannot receive PCI treatment within 12 hours of the onset of the disease and is not subject to a solvent inhibition certificate, the treatment may be considered. The leachate can dissolve the clot and restore coronary blood flow.
3. Drug treatment: In the course of the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, there is also a need for assistive treatment with drugs such as anti-blood tablet drugs (e.g. aspirin, chlorprorey), anticondensed drugs (e.g., heparin), nitrate-type drugs, β-receptor retardants, vascular tension enzymes inhibitors (ACEI) or vascular stressor II receptor stressor (ARB).
4. General treatment: Patients should rest in absolute bed, be quiet and avoid emotional excitement and fatigue. At the same time, there are support treatments for oxygen use, electrocardiological supervision and the establishment of intravenous channels.
V. Prevention
The prevention of acute myocardial infarction is of great importance, as follows:
1. Healthy lifestyle: Maintaining a balanced diet, reducing intake of high fats, high cholesterol, high salt foods and increasing foods rich in diet fibres such as vegetables, fruit and whole grains. Rational exercise, weight control, and avoidance of overwork and nighttime. Stop smoking and keep a good mind.
2. Control of risk factors: Active treatment of chronic diseases such as hypertension, hypertension and diabetes, and control of blood pressure, blood resin and blood sugar within the desired range.
3. Periodic medical check-ups: periodic check-ups, including EKG, blood resin, blood sugar, etc., in order to detect potential cardiovascular diseases at an early stage.
4. Avoiding precipitating factors: avoiding factors that induce acute myocardial infarction, such as intense physical activity, emotional and cold irritation.
In short, acute myocardial infarction is a serious cardiovascular disease that poses a major threat to the life and health of patients. Knowledge of the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of acute myocardial infarction contributes to raising public health awareness, making early detection, diagnosis and treatment possible and reducing the incidence and mortality of acute myocardial infarction. If you or someone around you has symptoms that are suspected of acute myocardial infarction, you should immediately call the first-aid telephone to get treatment in the shortest possible time.
Heart infarction.
