Amino sugar antibacterials: correct use and care

In the extended family of anti-bacterial drugs, amino sugar anti-bacterial drugs have a unique position. Such drugs include Quintaacin, Sycabin and Amikane, which play an important role in the treatment of a variety of serious bacterial infections. However, because of their special characteristics and potential risks, it is particularly critical to understand the daily use of amino-succused antibacterials and to take care of them.I. ROLE MECHANISMSAmino sugar antibacterials are mainly antibacterial by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial proteins. They act on bacterial nuclei, making bacteria synthesize abnormal proteins, thereby disrupting the normal physiological function of bacteria and eventually leading to bacterial death. This mechanism of action has enabled amino-succusic antibacterials to have a strong antibacterial activity for aerobic coliforms, such as coli-Echella, Creberella, copper-green cystasy. At the same time, there is some resistance to part of the gland positive fungus, such as the golden raisin.II. Daily usageAmino sugar antibacterials are mostly used in the form of injectables, and common drug delivery methods include muscle injections and intravenous drips. For example, when Quintacolin is used to treat general infections, adults usually inject muscles or intravenous drops every eight hours at a dose of 80 mg (80,000 U); for severe infections, an appropriate dose increase can be made, subject to close medical monitoring. In the treatment of tuberculosis, it is common to inject 0.75-1.0g of muscles per day, with 1-2 doses. The most commonly used dose for Amika is an adult who injects muscles or injects intravenous droplets 0.2-0.4g every 12 hours. In the case of ivory drops, the drop speed is strictly controlled and it is generally inappropriate to be too fast to avoid adverse reactions. At the same time, diluted concentrations of drugs need to be accommodated in accordance with the medical instructions or medical instructions to ensure that the drugs function within appropriate concentrations.III. NOTES(i) Ear toxicityOne of the most worrying side effects of amino-clucose antibacterials is ear toxicity. It can be divided into pre-court functional impairment and snail neurological damage. The front-court functional impairment is manifested in dizziness, nausea, vomiting, eye tremors and balance disorder; the cork nerve damage leads to loss of hearing or deafness, which is often irreversible. Children, older persons and persons with inadequate kidneys are more likely to have ear toxicity. Therefore, during the use of amino-sugar-type drugs, especially for long-term or large doses, close attention should be paid to the patient ‘ s ear discomfort and periodic hearing examinations, such as hearing tests, front-court functions, etc. When there are signs of ear toxicity, the drug should be stopped and appropriate treatment taken.(ii) Renal toxicityThey are also renal toxic and can cause a reduction in kidney function, in the form of protein urine, tubal urine, blood urine, etc., and can cause kidney failure in serious cases. In order to reduce the occurrence of renal toxicity, the kidney function needs to be monitored on a regular basis before and during the use of the drug, including indicators such as haemocelline acetic anhydride and urea nitrogen. In the case of patients who are already suffering from kidney deficiencies, care should be taken to use amino-sugar antibacterial drugs and, if necessary, to adjust the dose or choose other alternatives.(iii) Neural muscle retardationAmino sugar antibacterials can cause neuromuscular retardation, with severe consequences such as muscle infirmity and respiratory inhibition. This is more likely to occur when used in combination with other neuromuscular retardants, such as muscle laxity, whole-body anesthesia, etc. Therefore, the use of amino-sugar-type drugs should be avoided in conjunction with them, or when used together, the monitoring of the respiratory function of the patient should be strengthened, and first aid equipment and drugs, such as calcium, Xinjiang, etc., should be prepared so that treatment can be provided in a timely manner in case of emergency, such as respiratory inhibition.(iv) AllergiesAlthough the allergies of amino sugar antibacterials are relatively low, some patients may experience allergies, such as rashes, fever and acidic cell increases, which can occur in severe cases. Before using drugs, patients should be asked in detail about their allergies and patients with allergies should be treated or banned. In the course of the drug use, the signs of an allergic reaction are closely observed and, in case of allergies, the drug should be stopped and treated for allergies.(v) Drugs for special population groupsPregnant women should avoid the use of amino-sugar antibacterials, which can enter the foetus through placenta, leading to adverse consequences such as loss of the foetus ‘ s hearing. Lactating women should stop breastfeeding during the use of amino-sugar-type drugs in order to prevent drugs from entering the infant through milk. Children are more sensitive to the toxicity of amino sugar-like drugs because of their premature physical development, and need to be used with rigorous adaptive certificates, accurate dosages and enhanced monitoring. Older persons are also vulnerable to adverse effects of amino-sugar-type drugs due to physical changes, such as reduced kidney function, and should be cautious in their use and appropriately adjusted for doses. In general, amino-succus antibacterial drugs are one of the effective antibacterial drugs, but because of their potential for ear toxicity, renal toxicity, neuromuscular retardation and allergy, their use must be carried out in strict compliance with the prescriptions and recommendations of the doctor, with close observation of the patient ‘ s response, and with regular and relevant examinations to ensure their safety. Only in this way will it be possible to minimize the occurrence of adverse reactions and to safeguard the health of patients while fully developing their antibacterial effects.