The special needs of athletes quote that the physical condition of athletes is different from that of the general population, who often undergo high-intensity training and competitions and therefore have unique considerations in the face of surgery and anesthesia.
This paper will explore the unique needs and management of athletes during anaesthesia and surgery. The physiological characteristics of athletes differ significantly from those of the general population. These characteristics require special consideration in the course of anaesthesia and surgery: muscles are well developed: athletes usually have more muscle tissues than usual, which may affect the distribution and metabolism of anaesthesia. Cardiovascular adaptability: Long-term endurance training can make the cardiovascular system of athletes stronger and lower heart rate, which may affect monitoring and drug selection during anaesthesia. Increased skeletal muscles: Increased skeletal muscles of athletes may lead to greater demand for certain drugs. Increased metabolic rates: the metabolic rates of athletes are generally higher than those of the general population, which may affect the metabolic rates of medicines.
Pre-operative and pre-operative assessments are particularly important for athletes and require a comprehensive understanding of their physical condition and sports history: detailed medical history collection, including history of exercise, training intensity, injury records, drug use, etc.
Medical examination: Special assessment of CPR function, musculoskeletal system, etc. Laboratory examinations: Includes electrocardiograms, blood tests etc. to assess cardiac function and metabolic state. Psychological support: psychological support for athletes and reduction of pre-operative anxiety. fast management: the duration of the fast is determined on the basis of the type of operation and the patient ‘ s circumstances.
The management of anaesthesia in anaesthetists requires special attention in the following areas: the choice of anaesthesia: the choice of the most appropriate anaesthesia according to the type of operation and the characteristics of the individual, such as regional anaesthesia, general anesthesia, etc. Drug dosage adjustment: Taking into account the muscle mass of athletes, an adjustment may be required. Monitoring techniques: Use of advanced physiological monitoring systems, such as pulse oxysaturation monitoring, gaseous CO2 monitoring, etc. Position management: Avoiding blood circulation disorders due to long fixed positions. Pain management: a multi-modal pain reduction strategy.
Post-operative post-operative management is very important for athletes, including early activities: encouragement of early discharge to promote blood circulation and reduce the risk of leaching. Pain management: Reduction of the side effects of opioids using multi-modal pain reduction strategies, where non-opioid drugs predominate. Nutritional support: provision of high-protein, high-energy diets to promote muscle recovery. Psychological support: psychological support to help athletes through the recovery period. Rehabilitation programmes: Individualized rehabilitation programmes to help athletes return to training and competition as soon as possible. The management of exceptional circumstances requires a more detailed management strategy for certain special cases, such as emergency surgery or other complications: emergency surgery: even in an emergency situation, pre-operative assessment needs to be completed as soon as possible and individualized anesthesia programmes developed. Combination: For athletes who combine diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and other diseases, special attention needs to be paid to cardiovascular risks, and drug management needs to be adjusted accordingly. Special motor impairments: special consideration is required for specific motor impairments, such as arthroscope surgery.
Concluding athletes have unique physiological characteristics and needs for anaesthesia and surgery. The risk of surgery can be significantly reduced and the success rate improved through careful pre-operative assessment, well-developed anesthesia programming, rigorous monitoring techniques and effective post-operative management. As sports medicine and anaesthesia technologies progress, more strategies and technologies will be applied in the future in this field to further improve the safety and recovery of athletes.
