Analysis of the effect of anaesthesia on kidney function of kidney transplant surgery

Renal transplantation is an effective treatment for terminal kidney patients. The implementation of anaesthesia during kidney transplant surgery is essential not only to guarantee the safety and comfort of the patient during the operation, but also to affect the kidney function of the patient. An in-depth analysis of this impact is critical for optimizing anaesthesia programmes, improving the success rate of kidney transplants and renal function rehabilitation of patients after surgery. First, kidney transplants and renal function characteristics (i) kidney transplants include kidneys for renal acquisition, repair and receptor transplants. The operation requires precision, especially during the vascular phase, and requires that the patient ‘ s blood flow mechanics remain relatively stable in order to avoid the effects of renal transplantation. At the same time, the length of the operation is relatively long, which places high demands on the maintenance and management of anaesthesia. (ii) The kidney function of persons with terminal kidney function has been severely impaired, with water, electrolyte and acid alkali balance disorders in the body, often associated with complications such as hypertension, anaemia and urinary-toxic cardiovascular disease. These factors not only affect the choice and implementation of anaesthesia but are also linked to the effects of anaesthesia on kidney function. Effects of anaesthesia on kidney function (i) Inhalation of anaesthesia 1. Effects on renal blood flow mechanics: Common inhalation of anaesthesia, e.g. isofloxane, heptafluorone, etc. can cause, to some extent, renal vascular expansion and change kidney blood flow. The moderate renal vascular expansion helps to maintain renal infusion, but may lead to a decrease in renal infusion if the renal infusion is excessive or the patient has insufficient blood capacity. 2. Effects on the kidney tube function: Some inhalation of anaesthesia may affect the high absorption and genre function of the kidney tube. For example, the long-term high-level use of some inhaled anesthesia may interfere with the trans-shipment of the kidney tube to electrolyte, thereby affecting the kidney function. However, this effect is usually small at concentrations and time frames commonly used in clinical practice. (ii) An intravenous drug 1. Propenol: The effect of properol on kidney function is mainly indirectly manifested by the effect on blood flow mechanics. It can cause a decrease in blood pressure, which can reduce kidney infusion if it is too low and not corrected in time. However, it does not itself directly impair the kidney structure and function, and its metabolism is rapid and generally does not accumulate in the body. 2. Ethylene ester: It has some inhibition on adrenal cortex function, but has less direct impact on kidney function. In renal transplants, the effects on adrenal gland hormonal genre genre genre genre genre genre hormonal genre genre pelvis may indirectly affect the water, electrolyte balance and kidney function of the patient. Opioids: e.g. fentanyl, schofentanyl, etc., affect kidney function mainly through effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular system. Respiratory inhibition can lead to carbon dioxide retention, renal vascular expansion and re-distribution of kidney blood flow. At the same time, they can cause a perturbation of heart and blood pressure, and indirectly affect kidney injections. However, when used reasonably, the adverse effects on the kidney function can be minimized while providing good pain and suffering. III. Strategy for the protection of kidney function in anaesthesia management (i) blood flow mechanics stabilization 1. blood pressure management: maintenance of appropriate blood pressure levels is essential for kidney transplant patients. In general, the average arterial pressure should be kept within 10% of the pre-operative basic blood pressure to ensure renal pressure. This can be achieved through the use of vascularly active drugs and the rebalancing of liquids. 2. Capacity management: Accurate assessment of the patient ‘ s capacity state, reasonable infusion of crystall and adhesive fluids. (b) Avoiding pulmonary oedema and insufficient renal infusion due to overcapacity. During the operation, the volume of the fluid may be adjusted on the basis of the indicators of central intravenous pressure, urine, etc. (ii) Althealine balance and electrolyte regulation patients often suffer from alkali balance and electrolyte disorders prior to surgery and are closely monitored and corrected in a timely manner during anaesthesia. For example, high potassium haematosis may affect heart and kidney functions, and measures need to be taken to reduce potassium blood concentrations, such as the use of calcium, insulin-glucose solution. (iii) Avoiding renal toxicity factors and avoiding, to the extent possible, the use of substances and substances that may cause kidney damage. If the use of renal excretion and renal toxicity is avoided, and care is taken about the use of a photocopying agent, if a photocopying examination is required prior to the operation, the choice should be made for a photocopying agent that has a minor effect on the kidney. The anaesthesia of kidney transplant surgery has several effects on kidney function. The choice of anaesthesia, the implementation of anaesthesia techniques and every link in the administration of anaesthesia are closely related to the kidney function. By fully understanding these factors, an effective renal function protection strategy can minimize the adverse effects of anaesthesia on the kidney function and promote the recovery and long-term survival of the patient ‘ s post-operative renal function, while guaranteeing the smooth operation.