Coronary stent implantation is an effective method for the treatment of coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases. It can restore the normal blood supply of myocardium by inserting the stent into the stenosis of coronary artery through interventional methods. However, as an invasive surgery, there is a risk of infection after coronary stent implantation, so anti-infection care is particularly important in the process of postoperative rehabilitation. The following will introduce the anti-infection nursing after coronary stent implantation in detail.
1. Postoperative monitoring and observation
After
coronary stent implantation, patients need to closely monitor their vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and body temperature, as well as whether symptoms such as angina pectoris are alleviated or disappeared. Abnormal changes in these indicators may be a sign of infection or other complications. In particular, the rise of body temperature may be an early sign of infection, which should be reported to the doctor in time and corresponding measures should be taken.
2. Nursing
of puncture site
Coronary stent implantation is usually performed by puncturing blood vessels, so the care of the puncture site is crucial. The puncture site should be kept clean and dry after operation, and water and contamination should be avoided. The healthcare workers will change the dressing regularly and observe the puncture site for abnormalities such as redness, swelling, exudation or pain. Once abnormalities are found, healthcare workers should be notified immediately to deal with them in order to prevent the occurrence of infection.
3. Drug prevention of infection
Antibiotics are often prescribed
to prevent infection after surgery. Patients should strictly follow the doctor’s instructions to take medicine on time and in accordance with the amount, do not increase or decrease the dosage or stop taking medicine on their own. The use of antibiotics should follow the principle of “early, adequate and full course” to ensure the effectiveness of drugs and reduce the risk of infection. At the same time, patients should also pay attention to the adverse reactions of drugs, such as nausea, vomiting, rash and so on, and report to the doctor in time.
4. Strengthen nutrition and diet management
A
good nutritional status helps to strengthen the patient’s immunity and thus fight infection. After coronary stent implantation, patients should maintain a balanced diet with adequate intake of protein, vitamins and minerals. Foods such as fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy products and lean meat are recommended to maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. At the same time, we should avoid eating foods with high cholesterol, salt and fat, so as not to increase the burden on the heart and the risk of infection.
5. Moderate activity and rehabilitation exercise
Moderate activity and exercise can help improve blood circulation, strengthen the body and speed up recovery. However, in the early stage after coronary stent implantation, patients should avoid strenuous exercise and overwork, so as not to increase the burden on the heart and damage to the puncture site. Doctors will formulate appropriate rehabilitation plans according to the specific conditions of patients, such as recommending moderate low-intensity activities such as walking, jogging or swimming. In the process of exercise, patients should pay attention to observe their physical condition, if there is no adaptation, stop immediately and seek medical treatment.
VI. Psychological Support and Emotion Regulation
Surgery may bring some psychological pressure and emotional burden to patients. Therefore, psychological support and emotional regulation are equally important in the process of anti-infection care. Healthcare workers should maintain good communication with patients, answer their doubts and worries, and provide positive emotional support. Patients should also maintain a positive and healthy attitude and build confidence to overcome the disease, which helps to promote physical recovery and reduce the risk of infection.
VII. Regular review and follow-up
After
coronary stent implantation, patients need regular review and follow-up, so that doctors can timely understand the rehabilitation of patients and adjust the treatment plan. The reexamination included electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, blood routine and liver and kidney function. Through regular review, doctors can detect and deal with potential complications and infection risks in time to ensure the health and safety of patients.
To sum up, anti-infective nursing after coronary stent implantation is a comprehensive process, which requires the joint efforts of patients, family members and healthcare workers. Patients can effectively reduce the risk of infection and promote physical rehabilitation by strengthening disease monitoring, puncture site care, drug prevention, nutritional management, moderate activities, psychological support and regular review.
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